How to format your references using the Gene Reports citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gene Reports. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Collins, J.J., 2009. Journal club. A bioengineer gets schooled by Escherichia coli. Nature 460, 155.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hetzel, R., Hampel, A., 2005. Slip rate variations on normal faults during glacial-interglacial changes in surface loads. Nature 435, 81–84.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kormendy, J., Bender, R., Cornell, M.E., 2011. Supermassive black holes do not correlate with galaxy disks or pseudobulges. Nature 469, 374–376.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lilburn, T.G., Kim, K.S., Ostrom, N.E., Byzek, K.R., Leadbetter, J.R., Breznak, J.A., 2001. Nitrogen fixation by symbiotic and free-living spirochetes. Science 292, 2495–2498.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Arden, J.B., Linford, L., 2008. Brain-Based Therapy with Adults. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Trümper, J.E., Hasinger, G. (Eds.), 2008. The Universe in X-Rays, Astronomy and Astrophysics Library. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Taylor, I.J., Harrison, A.B., 2009. The Web, in: Taylor, I.J., Harrison, A.B. (Eds.), From P2P and Grids to Services on the Web: Evolving Distributed Communities, Computer Communications and Networks. Springer, London, pp. 81–106.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gene Reports.

Blog post

Carpineti, A., 2015. Non-Toxic Flame Retardant Developed Using Compound Found In Mussels [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/technology/non-toxic-flame-retardant-developed-using-mussels/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2013. Chemical Assessments: An Agencywide Strategy May Help EPA Address Unmet Needs for Integrated Risk Information System Assessments (No. GAO-13-369). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nolan, S.A., 2010. Ecopoetry and ecocentrism: The poetics of Wallace Stevens and William Carlos Williams (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murphy, M.J.O., 2014. Baseball and Showbiz in 1924. New York Times C27.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Collins, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Collins, 2009; Hetzel and Hampel, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hetzel and Hampel, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Lilburn et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Gene Reports
Abbreviation	Gene Rep.
ISSN (print)	2452-0144
Scope