How to format your references using the Gastric Cancer citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Gastric Cancer. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Hough SE. Journal club. A seismologist considers a new method of earthquake prediction. Nature. 2009;457:767.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Souza AMC, Andrade RFS. Coin state properties in quantum walks. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1976.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Oliveira EA, Andrade JS Jr, Makse HA. Large cities are less green. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4235.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Vogelbein WK, Lovko VJ, Shields JD, Reece KS, Mason PL, Haas LW, et al. Pfiesteria shumwayae kills fish by micropredation not exotoxin secretion. Nature. 2002;418:967–70.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Darbyshire P, Hampton D. Hedge Fund Modelling and Analysis Using MATLAB ®. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

1. Wanninger A, editor. Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Invertebrates 6: Deuterostomia. 1st ed. 2015. Vienna: Springer; 2015.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Chelala P. A Europe of Values: From Shared History to Common Objectives. In: Carballo M, Hjelmar U, editors. Public Opinion Polling in a Globalized World. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. p. 43–59.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Gastric Cancer.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. Europe’s Carnivores Make A Comeback. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Highlights of a Forum: Health Care 20 Years From Now--Taking Steps Today to Meet Tomorrow’s Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007 Sep. Report No.: GAO-07-1155SP.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Born KB. Student and Principal Perceptions of the California High School Proficiency Examination in Community Schools: A Case Study [Doctoral dissertation]. [Scottsdale, AZ]: Northcentral University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Crow K. Pardon My Dust? Neighbors of a College Project Say No. New York Times. 2001 Jul 15;146.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Gastric Cancer
Abbreviation	Gastric Cancer
ISSN (print)	1436-3291
ISSN (online)	1436-3305
Scope	Cancer Research General Medicine Gastroenterology Oncology