How to format your references using the Fuss und Sprunggelenk citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Fuss und Sprunggelenk. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Mahadevan MS. Genetics. Exposing a DUX tale. Science 2010;329:1607–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Ceci S, Williams WM. Darwin 200: Should scientists study race and IQ? YES: The scientific truth must be pursued. Nature 2009;457:788–9.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Gur I, Sawyer K, Prasher R. Engineering. Searching for a better thermal battery. Science 2012;335:1454–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Chiu JC, Kaub K, Zou S, Liedo P, Altamirano-Robles L, Ingram D, et al. Deleterious effect of suboptimal diet on rest-activity cycle in Anastrepha ludens manifests itself with age. Sci Rep 2013;3:1773.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Robertson B, Vignaux GA, Berger CEH. Interpreting Evidence. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

[1]

Miksch S, Hunter J, Keravnou ET, editors. Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: 10th Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, AIME 2005, Aberdeen, UK, July 23-27, 2005. Proceedings. vol. 3581. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Brisson A, Magerko B, Paiva A. Tilt Riders: Improvisational Agents Who Know What the Scene Is about. In: Vilhjálmsson HH, Kopp S, Marsella S, Thórisson KR, editors. Intelligent Virtual Agents: 10th International Conference, IVA 2011, Reykjavik, Iceland, September 15-17, 2011. Proceedings, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011, p. 35–41.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Fuss und Sprunggelenk.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Windowless Planes Offer Passengers Spectacular Panoramic Views. IFLScience 2014.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Information Technology: Department of Labor Could Further Facilitate Modernization of States’ Unemployment Insurance Systems. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2012.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Adams S. A study of childhood eating habits in the United States and their association with race and gender. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Qiu L. False Claims and Flawed Reports. New York Times 2017:A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Fuss und Sprunggelenk
ISSN (print)	1619-9987
Scope	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine