How to format your references using the Fundamental and Applied Limnology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Fundamental and Applied Limnology (FAL). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Fisk, Z. (2009). Physics. The thermodynamics of quantum critical points. Science (New York, N.Y.), 325(5946), 1348–1349.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hunt, K. K., & Vorburger, S. A. (2002). Tech.Sight. Gene therapy. Hurdles and hopes for cancer treatment. Science (New York, N.Y.), 297(5580), 415–416.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lee, D., Lin, B.-J., & Lee, A. K. (2012). Hippocampal place fields emerge upon single-cell manipulation of excitability during behavior. Science (New York, N.Y.), 337(6096), 849–853.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Mueller, C. A., Broz, P., Müller, S. A., Ringler, P., Erne-Brand, F., Sorg, I., Kuhn, M., Engel, A., & Cornelis, G. R. (2005). The V-antigen of Yersinia forms a distinct structure at the tip of injectisome needles. Science (New York, N.Y.), 310(5748), 674–676.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Eales, L.-J. (2005). Immunology for Life Scientists. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Rödder, S., Franzen, M., & Weingart, P. (Eds.). (2012). The Sciences’ Media Connection –Public Communication and its Repercussions (Vol. 28). Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Nhapi, I. (2015). Challenges for Water Supply and Sanitation in Developing Countries: Case Studies from Zimbabwe. In Q. Grafton, K. A. Daniell, C. Nauges, J.-D. Rinaudo, & N. W. W. Chan (Eds.), Understanding and Managing Urban Water in Transition (pp. 91–119). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Fundamental and Applied Limnology.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2015, February 3). Nitrogen-Fed Bacteria Could Power Our Future. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/nitrogen-fed-bacteria-could-power-our-future/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1993). Space Science: Causes and Impacts of Cutbacks to NASA’s Outer Solar System Exploration Missions (NSIAD-94-24). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Mace, J. Y. (2014). Rupturing the “reality” of reality TV: Contemporary video artists examining the discursive effects of the reality TV phenomenon [Doctoral dissertation]. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wilson, M. (2017, October 6). Recalling a Bomb on the Sidewalk, a Crowded Bar Across the Street. New York Times, A24.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Fisk 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Fisk 2009; Hunt & Vorburger 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hunt & Vorburger 2002)
Three or more authors: (Mueller et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Fundamental and Applied Limnology
ISSN (print)	1863-9135
ISSN (online)	2363-7110
Scope