How to format your references using the Frontiers in Primary Immunodeficiencies citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Primary Immunodeficiencies. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Neumann, K. (2003). Anthropology. New Guinea: a cradle of agriculture. Science 301, 180–181.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sung, S., and Amasino, R. M. (2004). Vernalization in Arabidopsis thaliana is mediated by the PHD finger protein VIN3. Nature 427, 159–164.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dwyer, M. A., Looger, L. L., and Hellinga, H. W. (2004). Computational design of a biologically active enzyme. Science 304, 1967–1971.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Yazaki-Sugiyama, Y., Kang, S., Câteau, H., Fukai, T., and Hensch, T. K. (2009). Bidirectional plasticity in fast-spiking GABA circuits by visual experience. Nature 462, 218–221.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Karr, R. (2009). Lead, Sell, or Get Out of the Way. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Mullin, T., and Kerswell, R. eds. (2005). IUTAM Symposium on Laminar-Turbulent Transition and Finite Amplitude Solutions. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Bijak, J., Kicinger, A., and Kupiszewski, M. (2013). “International Migration Scenarios for 27 European Countries, 2002–2052,” in International Migration and the Future of Populations and Labour in Europe, ed. M. Kupiszewski (Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands), 75–92.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Primary Immunodeficiencies.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2017). Birds With Small Brains Are Most Likely To Be Hit By Cars. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/birds-with-small-brains-are-most-likely-to-be-hit-by-cars/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2006). Aviation Security: Transportation Security Administration Has Made Progress in Managing a Federal Security Workforce and Ensuring Security at U.S. Airports, but Challenges Remain. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Maddox, A. L. (2017). Secondary Structure Analysis of the C-Terminus of Gα-Interacting Vesicle Associated Protein Using Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Santora, M., and Weiser, B. (2016). Charges That Bronx Man Tried to Join ISIS Show Shift in Terror Cases. New York Times, A17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Neumann, 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Neumann, 2003; Sung and Amasino, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sung and Amasino, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Yazaki-Sugiyama et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Primary Immunodeficiencies
Abbreviation	Front. Immunol.
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
Scope