How to format your references using the Frontiers in Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gershon D. Western researchers reap rich rewards in eastern institutions. Nature (2000) 407:657–658.

A journal article with 2 authors

Willenbring JK, von Blanckenburg F. Long-term stability of global erosion rates and weathering during late-Cenozoic cooling. Nature (2010) 465:211–214.

A journal article with 3 authors

de Jong PW, van Lenteren JC, Raak-van den Berg CL. Comment on “Invasive harlequin ladybird carries biological weapons against native competitors.” Science (2013) 341:1342.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Rauch H, Lemmel H, Baron M, Loidl R. Measurement of a confinement induced neutron phase. Nature (2002) 417:630–632.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Abraham A. The Trend Following Bible. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. (2012).

An edited book

Antoniac I ed. Biologically Responsive Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering. New York, NY: Springer (2013). X, 254 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Athan T, Boley H, Governatori G, Palmirani M, Paschke A, Wyner A. “LegalRuleML: From Metamodel to Use Cases.,” In: Morgenstern L, Stefaneas P, Lévy F, Wyner A, Paschke A, editors. Theory, Practice, and Applications of Rules on the Web: 7th International Symposium, RuleML 2013, Seattle, WA, USA, July 11-13, 2013. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer (2013). p. 13–18

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Oncology.

Blog post

Andrew E. “Dead Hearts” Successfully Transplanted For The First Time. IFLScience (2014)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Trainer Aircraft: Plans to Replace the Existing Fleet. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office (1989).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Paulone S. Mergers and Acquisitions: Examining Managerial Strategy Connection to Post Transaction Accounting Measures. [Doctoral dissertation]. Scottsdale, AZ: Northcentral University (2013).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW. Puerto Rico Has Another Debt Worry on Horizon. New York Times (2015)B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Oncology
Abbreviation	Front. Oncol.
ISSN (online)	2234-943X
Scope	Cancer Research Oncology