How to format your references using the Anesthesiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Anesthesiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ballentine CJ: Geochemistry. Tiny tracers tell tall tales. Science 2002; 296:1247–8

A journal article with 2 authors

Kodra E, Ganguly AR: Asymmetry of projected increases in extreme temperature distributions. Sci Rep 2014; 4:5884

A journal article with 3 authors

Watanabe T, Náñez JE, Sasaki Y: Perceptual learning without perception. Nature 2001; 413:844–8

A journal article with 31 or more authors

Eisenmesser EZ, Millet O, Labeikovsky W, Korzhnev DM, Wolf-Watz M, Bosco DA, Skalicky JJ, Kay LE, Kern D: Intrinsic dynamics of an enzyme underlies catalysis. Nature 2005; 438:117–21

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society: Energy Materials 2014. Hoboken, NJ, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014

An edited book

Singh S, Singh M, Apte C, Perner P: Pattern Recognition and Data Mining: Third International Conference on Advances in Pattern Recognition, ICAPR 2005, Bath, UK, August 22-25, 2005, Proceedings, Part I. Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer, 2005

A chapter in an edited book

Martinez-Gil F, Lozano M, Fernández F: Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning for Simulating Pedestrian Navigation, Adaptive and Learning Agents: International Workshop, ALA 2011, Held at AAMAS 2011, Taipei, Taiwan, May 2, 2011, Revised Selected Papers. Edited by Vrancx P, Knudson M, Grześ M. Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer, 2012, pp 54–69

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Anesthesiology.

Blog post

Andrews R: The Chemistry Of Titan Could Pave The Way For Future Life 2016 at <https://www.iflscience.com/space/the-chemistry-of-titan-could-pave-the-way-for-future-life/>

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Research and Development Funding: Reported Gap Between Data From Federal Agencies and Their R&D Performers Results From Noncomparable Data. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 2001

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pundir B: Surface pressure fluctuations due to an impinging underexpanded supersonic jet 2011

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Woolfe Z: The Newest Russia House. New York Times 2013:C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Anesthesiology
Abbreviation	Anesthesiology
ISSN (print)	0003-3022
ISSN (online)	1528-1175
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

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