How to format your references using the Anesthesiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Anesthesiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mastrandrea MD: Obituary: Stephen Henry Schneider (1945-2010). Nature 2010; 466:933

A journal article with 2 authors

Zeh JA, Zeh DW: Outbred embryos rescue inbred half-siblings in mixed-paternity broods of live-bearing females. Nature 2006; 439:201–3

A journal article with 3 authors

Rosenthal Y, Linsley BK, Oppo DW: Pacific Ocean heat content during the past 10,000 years. Science 2013; 342:617–21

A journal article with 31 or more authors

Gacemi D, Mangeney J, Colombelli R, Degiron A: Subwavelength metallic waveguides as a tool for extreme confinement of THz surface waves. Sci Rep 2013; 3:1369

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kim Y-H: Sound Propagation. Chichester, UK, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010

An edited book

Klinkel S, Butenweg C, Lin G, Holtschoppen B: Seismic Design of Industrial Facilities: Proceedings of the International Conference on Seismic Design of Industrial Facilities (SeDIF-Conference). Wiesbaden, Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014

A chapter in an edited book

Yang X-J, Baleanu D, Machado JAT: Application of the Local Fractional Fourier Series to Fractal Signals, Discontinuity and Complexity in Nonlinear Physical Systems. Edited by Machado JAT, Baleanu D, Luo ACJ. Cham, Springer International Publishing, 2014, pp 63–89

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Anesthesiology.

Blog post

Carpineti A: US Approves World’s Most Sensitive Dark Matter Detector To Begin Hunt In 2020 2016 at <https://www.iflscience.com/physics/us-approves-worlds-most-sensitive-dark-matter-detector-to-begin-hunt-in-2020/>

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Amtrak: Deteriorated Financial and Operating Conditions. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1995

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cannon JR: Microwave-supported acid hydrolysis for proteomics 2012

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Baker L: Redevelopment Project Doubles as Social Experiment. New York Times 2009:B6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Anesthesiology
Abbreviation	Anesthesiology
ISSN (print)	0003-3022
ISSN (online)	1528-1175
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

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