How to format your references using the Frontiers in Neurorobotics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Neurorobotics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Casti, J. L. (2001). Formally speaking. Nature 411, 527.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bartek, J., and Hodny, Z. (2014). Ageing: Old blood stem cells feel the stress. Nature 512, 140–141.

A journal article with 3 authors

Leizerson, I., Lipson, S. G., and Lyushnin, A. V. (2003). Wetting properties: When larger drops evaporate faster. Nature 422, 395–396.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Dai, B., Zhang, Y., Zhan, Y., Zhang, D., Wang, N., and He, L. (2014). A novel tissue model for angiogenesis: evaluation of inhibitors or promoters in tissue level. Sci. Rep. 4, 3693.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cortada, J. W. (2014). The Essential Manager. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

D’Odorico, P., and Porporato, A. eds. (2006). Dryland Ecohydrology. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Bengel, F. M. (2006). “Positron Emission Tomography,” in Noninvasive Imaging of Myocardial Ischemia, eds. C. D. Anagnostopoulos, P. Nihoyannopoulos, J. J. Bax, and E. van der Wall (London: Springer), 79–92.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Neurorobotics.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2017). Artificial Intelligence Developed That Is As Accurate At Identifying Skin Cancer As Doctors. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/artificial-intelligence-developed-that-is-as-accurate-at-identifying-skin-cancer-as-doctors/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992). Public Works Consolidation: Jacksonville Naval Public Works Consolidation. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Felarca, C. U. (2012). A burning problem: Skin protection practices among college nursing students and non-nursing college students. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard, M. (2013). When Just Being Alive Was Beyond Belief. New York Times, E7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Casti, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Casti, 2001; Bartek and Hodny, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bartek and Hodny, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Dai et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Neurorobotics
Abbreviation	Front. Neurorobot.
ISSN (online)	1662-5218
Scope	Artificial Intelligence Biomedical Engineering