How to format your references using the Frontiers in Neuromuscular Diseases citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Neuromuscular Diseases. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Qiu, J. (2009). Obituary: Qian Xuesen (1911-2009). Nature 462, 735.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bermingham, E., and Dick, C. (2001). Ecology and evolution. The Inga--newcomer or museum antiquity? Science 293, 2214–2216.

A journal article with 3 authors

Aronov, D., Andalman, A. S., and Fee, M. S. (2008). A specialized forebrain circuit for vocal babbling in the juvenile songbird. Science 320, 630–634.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Griffin, C. T., Srinivasan, Y., Zheng, Y. W., Huang, W., and Coughlin, S. R. (2001). A role for thrombin receptor signaling in endothelial cells during embryonic development. Science 293, 1666–1670.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zhu, F. X. X., Hoehn, R., Thakkar, V., and Yuh, E. (2017). Hydroprocessing for Clean Energy. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Dura, G., Kambourova, V., and Simeonova, F. eds. (2006). Management of Intentional and Accidental Water Pollution. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Kantarci, F., Mihmanli, İ., and MacLennan, G. T. (2013). “Congenital and Acquired Nonneoplastic Disorders of the Spermatic Cord and Testicular Adnexae,” in Genitourinary Radiology: Male Genital Tract, Adrenal and Retroperitoneum: The Pathologic Basis, eds. V. S. Dogra and G. T. MacLennan (London: Springer), 73–93.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Neuromuscular Diseases.

Blog post

Taub, B. (2016). Wind Instrument Players Warned Over Hygiene After Man Is Killed By His Bagpipes. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/wind-instrument-players-warned-over-hygiene-after-man-killed-bagpipes/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1998). District of Columbia: Extent to Which Schools Receive Available Federal Education Grants. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Tovar, L. (2009). Perceived life satisfaction of previously undocumented Latino immigrants. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse, L. (2007). Justices Turn Aside Case of Man Accusing C.I.A. of Torture. New York Times, A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Qiu, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Bermingham and Dick, 2001; Qiu, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bermingham and Dick, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Griffin et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Neuromuscular Diseases
Abbreviation	Front. Neurol.
ISSN (online)	1664-2295
Scope	Clinical Neurology Neurology