How to format your references using the Frontiers in Neuro-Ophthalmology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Neuro-Ophthalmology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Joppa, L. N. (2009). Journal club. An ecologist calls for a citizen-science “Wiki.” Nature 459, 619.

A journal article with 2 authors

Floreano, D., and Wood, R. J. (2015). Science, technology and the future of small autonomous drones. Nature 521, 460–466.

A journal article with 3 authors

Preusser, F., Radies, D., and Matter, A. (2002). A 160,000-year record of dune development and atmospheric circulation in Southern Arabia. Science 296, 2018–2020.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Ahmadi, M., Bruschi, D. E., Sabín, C., Adesso, G., and Fuentes, I. (2014). Relativistic quantum metrology: exploiting relativity to improve quantum measurement technologies. Sci. Rep. 4, 4996.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McCall, M. W. (2010). Classical Mechanics. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Gámiz, M. L. (2011). Applied Nonparametric Statistics in Reliability., eds. K. B. Kulasekera, N. Limnios, and B. H. Lindqvist. London: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Kutsch, W. L., Hörmann, G., and Kappen, L. (2008). “Carbon and Energy Balances of Different Ecosystems and Ecosystem Complexes of the Bornhöved Lake District,” in Ecosystem Organization of a Complex Landscape: Long-Term Research in the Bornhöved Lake District, Germany, eds. O. Fränzle, L. Kappen, H.-P. Blume, and K. Dierssen (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), 83–99.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Neuro-Ophthalmology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2016). More Than 1,000 New Exoplanets Discovered – But Still No Earth Twin. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1993). Transition From School to Work: States Are Developing New Strategies to Prepare Students for Jobs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Taylor, C. (2011). The Crowd. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barnes, B., and Cieply, M. (2015). Gettys Again Made to Cope With Grief in Public Eye. New York Times, A15.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Joppa, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Joppa, 2009; Floreano and Wood, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Floreano and Wood, 2015)
Three or more authors: (Ahmadi et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Neuro-Ophthalmology
Abbreviation	Front. Neurol.
ISSN (online)	1664-2295
Scope	Clinical Neurology Neurology