How to format your references using the Frontiers in Molecular Innate Immunity citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Molecular Innate Immunity. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Amin, M. (2013). Energy: The smart-grid solution. Nature 499, 145–147.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schofield, R. M. S., and Nesson, M. H. (2003). Comment on “High abrasion resistance with sparse mineralization: copper biomineral in worm jaws.” Science 301, 1049; author reply 1049.

A journal article with 3 authors

Horne-Badovinac, S., Rebagliati, M., and Stainier, D. Y. R. (2003). A cellular framework for gut-looping morphogenesis in zebrafish. Science 302, 662–665.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Fritz, J. H., Rojas, O. L., Simard, N., McCarthy, D. D., Hapfelmeier, S., Rubino, S., et al. (2011). Acquisition of a multifunctional IgA+ plasma cell phenotype in the gut. Nature 481, 199–203.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pohanish, R. P., and Greene, S. A. (2005). Wiley Guide to Chemical Incompatibilities. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Keller, J. K. (2014). Improving GIS-based Wildlife-Habitat Analysis., ed. C. R. Smith. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Michel, R. L. (2005). “Tritium in the Hydrologic Cycle,” in Isotopes in the Water Cycle: Past, Present and Future of a Developing Science, eds. P. K. Aggarwal, J. R. Gat, and K. F. O. Froehlich (Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands), 53–66.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Molecular Innate Immunity.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2016). Human Doctors Are Still Better Than Online Symptom Checkers. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/human-doctors-are-still-better-than-online-symptom-checkers/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1986). ADP Equipment: Revised GSA Strategy for Microcomputer Purchases Can Improve Competition. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yi, Z. (2009). Dynamics of bio-membranes investigated by neutron spin echo: Effects of phospholipid conformations and presence of lidocaine. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wines, M., and Shorey, R. (2017). Inside the Uproar Over a Government-Led Search for Voter Fraud. New York Times, A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Amin, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Schofield and Nesson, 2003; Amin, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Schofield and Nesson, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Fritz et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Molecular Innate Immunity
Abbreviation	Front. Immunol.
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
Scope