How to format your references using the Frontiers in ICT citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in ICT. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Miller, C. (2006). ClC chloride channels viewed through a transporter lens. Nature 440, 484–489.

A journal article with 2 authors

Anderson, C. A., and Bushman, B. J. (2002). Psychology. The effects of media violence on society. Science 295, 2377–2379.

A journal article with 3 authors

Miyamoto, K., Miyake, S., and Yamamura, T. (2001). A synthetic glycolipid prevents autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inducing TH2 bias of natural killer T cells. Nature 413, 531–534.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Wikelski, M., Wong, V., Chevalier, B., Rattenborg, N., and Snell, H. L. (2002). Marine iguanas die from trace oil pollution. Nature 417, 607–608.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Keiser, G. (2006). FTTX Concepts and Applications. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Mulhall, J. P. ed. (2009). Sexual Function in the Prostate Cancer Patient. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press.

A chapter in an edited book

Mostofi, Y., and Ghaffarkhah, A. (2011). “Kalman Filtering Over Wireless Fading Channels,” in Wireless Networking Based Control, ed. S. K. Mazumder (New York, NY: Springer), 103–134.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in ICT.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2016). How Could You Survive This Ancient Suicide Pact Puzzle? IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/how-could-you-survive-this-ancient-suicide-pact-puzzle/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992). Technology Transfer: Japanese Firms Involved in F-15 Coproduction and Civil Aircraft Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Marjanovic, S. Y. (2016). The Role of the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein in Regulating T Cell Programmed Cell Death Mechanisms and Implications for Autoimmunity in the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome. Washington, DC: George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Baker, L. (2010). Reviving a Poor Neighborhood for Its Inhabitants. New York Times, B6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Miller, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Anderson and Bushman, 2002; Miller, 2006).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Anderson and Bushman, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Wikelski et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in ICT
Abbreviation	Front. ICT
ISSN (online)	2297-198X
Scope