How to format your references using the Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Pharmacology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Pharmacology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bartlett, S. D. (2014). Quantum computing: powered by magic. Nature 510, 345–347.

A journal article with 2 authors

Alsdorf, D. E., and Lettenmaier, D. P. (2003). Geophysics. Tracking fresh water from space. Science 301, 1491–1494.

A journal article with 3 authors

Aoi, S., Kunugi, T., and Fujiwara, H. (2008). Trampoline effect in extreme ground motion. Science 322, 727–730.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Iyer, V. R., Horak, C. E., Scafe, C. S., Botstein, D., Snyder, M., and Brown, P. O. (2001). Genomic binding sites of the yeast cell-cycle transcription factors SBF and MBF. Nature 409, 533–538.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Courant, R., and McShane, E. J. (1988). Differential and Integral Calculus. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Nielsen, F., and Barbaresco, F. eds. (2013). Geometric Science of Information: First International Conference, GSI 2013, Paris, France, August 28-30, 2013. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

DeStefano, S. (2009). “Wildlife Corridors and Developed Landscapes,” in The Planner’s Guide to Natural Resource Conservation: The Science of Land Development Beyond the Metropolitan Fringe, eds. A. X. Esparza and G. McPherson (New York, NY: Springer), 85–102.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Pharmacology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014). 99.999% Certainty Humans Are Driving Global Warming: New Study. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/99999-certainty-humans-are-driving-global-warming-new-study/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2012). K-12 Education: Selected States and School Districts Cited Numerous Federal Requirements As Burdensome, While Recognizing Some Benefits. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Archibald, G. A. (2008). Regionalizing competitive talent: An exploratory study of the role of human capital management in the context of economic integration and labor mobility. Minneapolis, MN: Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wilson, M. (2017). In Chelsea Bombing Trial, a Lesson on How a Cellphone Becomes a Trigger. New York Times, A20.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bartlett, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Alsdorf and Lettenmaier, 2003; Bartlett, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Alsdorf and Lettenmaier, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Iyer et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Pharmacology
Abbreviation	Front. Pharmacol.
ISSN (online)	1663-9812
Scope	Pharmacology (medical) Pharmacology