How to format your references using the Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Cancers citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Cancers. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dalton, R. (2000). Older women scientists fight USGS over layoffs. US Geological Survey. Nature 404, 219.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hernanz, M., and Sala, G. (2002). A classical nova, V2487 Oph 1998, seen in x-rays before and after its explosion. Science 298, 393–395.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhang, P., Cohen, R. E., and Haule, K. (2015). Effects of electron correlations on transport properties of iron at Earth’s core conditions. Nature 517, 605–607.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Pryer, K. M., Schneider, H., Smith, A. R., Cranfill, R., Wolf, P. G., Hunt, J. S., et al. (2001). Horsetails and ferns are a monophyletic group and the closest living relatives to seed plants. Nature 409, 618–622.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Gray, R. (2011). A History of American Literature. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Kumar, R. (2016). Protein Toxins in Modeling Biochemistry., ed. B. R. Singh. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Namata, G. M., Sharara, H., and Getoor, L. (2010). “A Survey of Link Mining Tasks for Analyzing Noisy and Incomplete Networks,” in Link Mining: Models, Algorithms, and Applications, eds. P. S. Yu, J. Han, and C. Faloutsos (New York, NY: Springer), 107–133.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Cancers.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014). GM Mosquitoes Set To Be Released In Brazil To Combat Dengue. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2008). NASA: Agency Faces Challenges Defining Scope and Costs of Space Shuttle Transition and Retirement. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cashion, A. T. (2010). Exploring Dielectric Absorption: Data Collection System Development. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cyran, R., and Hay, G. (2010). New Ventures Win Old Financiers. New York Times, B2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Dalton, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Dalton, 2000; Hernanz and Sala, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Hernanz and Sala, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Pryer et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Cancers
Abbreviation	Front. Oncol.
ISSN (online)	2234-943X
Scope	Cancer Research Oncology