How to format your references using the Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Cancers citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Cancers. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Ball, P. (2011). Beyond the bond. Nature 469, 26–28.

A journal article with 2 authors

Shirane, M., and Nakayama, K. I. (2006). Protrudin induces neurite formation by directional membrane trafficking. Science 314, 818–821.

A journal article with 3 authors

Berger, J., Swenson, J. E., and Persson, I. L. (2001). Recolonizing carnivores and naïve prey: conservation lessons from Pleistocene extinctions. Science 291, 1036–1039.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Leibundgut, M., Jenni, S., Frick, C., and Ban, N. (2007). Structural basis for substrate delivery by acyl carrier protein in the yeast fatty acid synthase. Science 316, 288–290.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Owen, J. S., and Fiedler-Kelly, J. (2014). Introduction to Population Pharmacokinetic / Pharmacodynamic Analysis with Nonlinear Mixed Effects Models. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Bailey, A. (2014). Hume’s Critique of Religion: “Sick Men’s Dreams.”, ed. D. O’Brien. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Gulbrandsen, M. (2008). “Internationalisation of Industrial R&D,” in Borderless Knowledge: Understanding the “New” Internationalisation of Research and Higher Education in Norway, eds. Å. Gornitzka and L. Langfeldt (Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands), 51–78.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Cancers.

Blog post

Andrew, D. (2017). These 20 Images Of Earth Over The Past 70 Years Show Why Countries Signed The Paris Agreement. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/these-20-images-of-earth-over-the-past-70-years-show-why-countries-signed-the-paris-agreement/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2007). DOD is Making Progress in Adopting Best Practices for the Transformational Satellite Communications System and Space Radar but Still Faces Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pee, G.-Y. (2008). Sonochemical Remediation of Freshwater Sediments Contaminated with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Feeney, K. (2009). For Foods and ‘a Few Things.’ New York Times, NJ17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Ball, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Shirane and Nakayama, 2006; Ball, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Shirane and Nakayama, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Leibundgut et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Gastrointestinal Cancers
Abbreviation	Front. Oncol.
ISSN (online)	2234-943X
Scope	Cancer Research Oncology