How to format your references using the Frontiers in Fractal Physiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Fractal Physiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mottron, L. (2011). Changing perceptions: The power of autism. Nature 479, 33–35.

A journal article with 2 authors

van Putten, M. H. P. M., and Levinson, A. (2002). Detecting energy emissions from a rotating black hole. Science 295, 1874–1877.

A journal article with 3 authors

Aarts, H., Custers, R., and Marien, H. (2008). Preparing and motivating behavior outside of awareness. Science 319, 1639.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Su, S.-H., Xu, W., Hai, J., Wu, Y.-F., and Yu, F. (2014). Effects of statins-use for patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sci. Rep. 4, 4573.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Rosenbaum, J., and Pearl, J. (2009). Investment Banking. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Iacovino, L. ed. (2006). Recordkeeping, Ethics and Law: Regulatory Models, Participant Relationships and Rights and Responsibilities in the Online World. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Pin, J.-É. (2013). “An Explicit Formula for the Intersection of Two Polynomials of Regular Languages,” in Developments in Language Theory: 17th International Conference, DLT 2013, Marne-la-Vallée, France, June 18-21, 2013. Proceedings, eds. M.-P. Béal and O. Carton (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), 31–45.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Fractal Physiology.

Blog post

Davis, J. (2016). Portugal Powered For Four Days Straight Entirely By Renewable Energy. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/portugal-powered-four-days-straight-entirely-renewable-energy/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999). Information Technology: Comments on Proposed OMB Guidance for Implementing the Government Paperwork Elimination Act. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gonzalez, E. R. (2015). Technology and adiposity: Effects of television time, video or computer game time, and computer use on body fat among Latino youth. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lee, L. (2015). Knit 1, Curl Up 2. New York Times, D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mottron, 2011).
This sentence cites two references (van Putten and Levinson, 2002; Mottron, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (van Putten and Levinson, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Su et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Fractal Physiology
Abbreviation	Front. Physiol.
ISSN (online)	1664-042X
Scope	Physiology Physiology (medical)