How to format your references using the Frontiers in Exercise Physiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Exercise Physiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Russo, G. (2008). Biotech in Bangalore. Nature 452, 660–661.

A journal article with 2 authors

Castro, J. M., and Dingwell, D. B. (2009). Rapid ascent of rhyolitic magma at Chaitén volcano, Chile. Nature 461, 780–783.

A journal article with 3 authors

McNamara, J. M., Fawcett, T. W., and Houston, A. I. (2013). An adaptive response to uncertainty generates positive and negative contrast effects. Science 340, 1084–1086.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Song, J., Xu, L., Xing, R., Li, Q., Zhou, C., Liu, D., et al. (2014). Synthesis of Au/graphene oxide composites for selective and sensitive electrochemical detection of ascorbic acid. Sci. Rep. 4, 7515.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Wang, J.-J. (2014). Hydraulic Fracturing in Earth-Rock Fill DAMS. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons, Singapore Pte. Ltd.

An edited book

Jajodia, S., and Mazumdar, C. eds. (2005). Information Systems Security: First International Conference, ICISS 2005, Kolkata, India, December 19-21, 2005. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Herrmann, K. A. (2014). “MRI of the Small Bowel,” in Diseases of the Abdomen and Pelvis 2014–2017: Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Techniques, eds. J. Hodler, G. K. von Schulthess, R. A. Kubik-Huch, and C. L. Zollikofer (Milano: Springer), 32–37.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Exercise Physiology.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2015). Mussel-Inspired Glue Adheres To Slippery Surfaces Submerged In Saltwater. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/mussel-inspired-glue-sticks-slippery-surfaces-submerged-saltwater/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2013). Public Transit: Survey of Public Transit Agency Officials on Contracting Out Public Transit Operations and Other Services (GAO-13-824SP, September 2013), an E-supplement to GAO-13-782. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yuknis, C. M. (2010). A grounded theory of deaf middle school students’ revision of their own writing. College Park, MD: University of Maryland, College Park.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barron, J. (2017). MetroCard Replacement Will Be Safe, Officials Say. New York Times, A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Russo, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Russo, 2008; Castro and Dingwell, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Castro and Dingwell, 2009)
Three or more authors: (Song et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Exercise Physiology
Abbreviation	Front. Physiol.
ISSN (online)	1664-042X
Scope	Physiology Physiology (medical)