How to format your references using the Frontiers in Epilepsy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Epilepsy. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lea, D. W. (2002). Paleoclimate. The glacial tropical Pacific--not just a west side story. Science 297, 202–203.

A journal article with 2 authors

Ranta, E., and Kaitala, V. (2005). Ecology. A leap for lion populations. Science 307, 365–366.

A journal article with 3 authors

Guiteras, R., Levinsohn, J., and Mobarak, A. M. (2015). Sanitation subsidies. Encouraging sanitation investment in the developing world: a cluster-randomized trial. Science 348, 903–906.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Baerlocher, C., Gramm, F., Massüger, L., McCusker, L. B., He, Z., Hovmöller, S., et al. (2007). Structure of the polycrystalline zeolite catalyst IM-5 solved by enhanced charge flipping. Science 315, 1113–1116.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lamattina, J. L. (2012). Devalued and Distrusted. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Roddick, J. F., Benjamins, V. R., Si-said Cherfi, S., Chiang, R., Claramunt, C., Elmasri, R. A., et al. eds. (2006). Advances in Conceptual Modeling - Theory and Practice: ER 2006 Workshops BP-UML, CoMoGIS, COSS, ECDM, OIS, QoIS, SemWAT, Tucson, AZ, USA, November 6-9, 2006. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhu, Y., Lan, H., Ness, D. A., Xing, K., Schneider, K., Lee, S.-H., et al. (2015). “Alternative Energy Development in Rural Chinese Communities,” in Transforming Rural Communities in China and Beyond: Community Entrepreneurship and Enterprises, Infrastructure Development and Investment Modes, eds. H. Lan, D. A. Ness, K. Xing, K. Schneider, S.-H. Lee, and J. Ge (Cham: Springer International Publishing), 93–116.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Epilepsy.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015). Obese Three-Year-Old Diagnosed With Youngest Known Case Of Type 2 Diabetes. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/obese-three-year-old-youngest-known-case-type-2-diabetes/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999). Year 2000 Computing Challenge: FAA Continues to Make Important Strides, But Vulnerabilities Remain. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sowers, P. A. (2012). “Klanaheim”: Suburbia, civic identity, and the second Ku Klux Klan. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dominus, I. by S. (2017). Hasan Minhaj Thinks Comedy Is for Weirdos. New York Times, MM66.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lea, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Lea, 2002; Ranta and Kaitala, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ranta and Kaitala, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Baerlocher et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Epilepsy
Abbreviation	Front. Neurol.
ISSN (online)	1664-2295
Scope	Clinical Neurology Neurology