How to format your references using the Frontiers in Diabetes citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Diabetes. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kyriacou, C. P. (2009). Physiology. Unraveling traveling. Science 325, 1629–1630.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sun, J. C., and Bevan, M. J. (2003). Defective CD8 T cell memory following acute infection without CD4 T cell help. Science 300, 339–342.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gardner, T. J., Naef, F., and Nottebohm, F. (2005). Freedom and rules: the acquisition and reprogramming of a bird’s learned song. Science 308, 1046–1049.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Fujiwara, R., Takenaka, S., Hashimoto, M., Narawa, T., and Itoh, T. (2014). Expression of human solute carrier family transporters in skin: possible contributor to drug-induced skin disorders. Sci. Rep. 4, 5251.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chappell, D. (2008). Parris’s Standard Form of Building Contract. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Science Ltd.

An edited book

Biere, A., and Bloem, R. eds. (2014). Computer Aided Verification: 26th International Conference, CAV 2014, Held as Part of the Vienna Summer of Logic, VSL 2014, Vienna, Austria, July 18-22, 2014. Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Węgliński, T., and Fabijańska, A. (2014). “Enhancement of Low-Dose CT Brain Scans Using Graph-Based Anisotropic Interpolation,” in Image Processing and Communications Challenges 5, ed. R. S. Choras (Heidelberg: Springer International Publishing), 29–36.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Diabetes.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2015). What Is Naloxone And How Can It Help Save Drug Users Who Overdose? IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/what-naloxone-and-how-can-it-help-save-drug-users-who-overdose/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1991). Space Communications: Better Understanding of Scheduling System Limitations Needed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Rutherford, J. (2010). What is old is new again: The role of discontinuity in nostalgia-related consumption. Boca Raton, FL: Florida Atlantic University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shear, M. D., and Nixon, R. (2017). Vetting Is Little Changed Since Calls for Travel Ban. New York Times, A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kyriacou, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Sun and Bevan, 2003; Kyriacou, 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sun and Bevan, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Fujiwara et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Diabetes
Abbreviation	Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)
ISSN (online)	1664-2392
Scope