How to format your references using the Frontiers in Diabetes citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Diabetes. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Belzig, W. (2015). QUANTUM SIMULATION. Josephson contacts of neutral strongly interacting fermions. Science 350, 1470.

A journal article with 2 authors

Martinez, L. M., and Angell, C. A. (2001). A thermodynamic connection to the fragility of glass-forming liquids. Nature 410, 663–667.

A journal article with 3 authors

Levin, E. J., Quick, M., and Zhou, M. (2009). Crystal structure of a bacterial homologue of the kidney urea transporter. Nature 462, 757–761.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Schroeder, B. C., Waldegger, S., Fehr, S., Bleich, M., Warth, R., Greger, R., et al. (2000). A constitutively open potassium channel formed by KCNQ1 and KCNE3. Nature 403, 196–199.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Graham, A. W., Kirkman, N. C., and Paul, P. M. (2006). Mobile Radio Network Design in the VHF and UHF Bands. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Odenbach, S. ed. (2009). Colloidal Magnetic Fluids: Basics, Development and Application of Ferrofluids. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Hirschinger, M., and Moser, R. (2016). “Non-Ownership Commercial Mobility and Humanitarian Logistics: New Perspectives to Improve Response Times and Long-Term Impact,” in Managing Humanitarian Logistics, eds. B. S. Sahay, S. Gupta, and V. C. Menon (New Delhi: Springer India), 51–60.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Diabetes.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014). Dolphins and Belugas Squeal With Delight. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/dolphins-and-belugas-squeal-delight/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1992). Federal Research: SEMATECH’s Technological Progress and Proposed R&D Program. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Balakrishnan, G. (2017). Cognitive radio cooperative spectrum sensing. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Porter, J. (2016). Steve Dillon, 54, Comic Artist; Helped Create ‘Preacher.’ New York Times, A19.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Belzig, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Martinez and Angell, 2001; Belzig, 2015).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Martinez and Angell, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Schroeder et al., 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Diabetes
Abbreviation	Front. Endocrinol. (Lausanne)
ISSN (online)	1664-2392
Scope