How to format your references using the Frontiers in Craniofacial Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Craniofacial Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Salzberg, S. (2008). The contents of the syringe. Nature 454, 160–161.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sagarin, R., and Micheli, F. (2001). Climate change in nontraditional data sets. Science 294, 811.

A journal article with 3 authors

Unal, E., Heidinger-Pauli, J. M., and Koshland, D. (2007). DNA double-strand breaks trigger genome-wide sister-chromatid cohesion through Eco1 (Ctf7). Science 317, 245–248.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

McGee, A. W., Yang, Y., Fischer, Q. S., Daw, N. W., and Strittmatter, S. M. (2005). Experience-driven plasticity of visual cortex limited by myelin and Nogo receptor. Science 309, 2222–2226.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Safari, M., Ariff, M., and Mohamad, S. (2014). Sukuk Securities. Singapore: John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd.

An edited book

Wang, J., Ding, Z., Zou, L., and Zuo, J. eds. (2014). Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Daneshvar, R., and Shih, L. (2012). “Virtual Spring-Based 3D Multi-Agent Group Coordination,” in Unifying Themes in Complex Systems VII: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Complex Systems, eds. A. A. Minai, D. Braha, and Y. Bar-Yam (Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer), 36–43.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Craniofacial Biology.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2015). Here’s What Happened When A Teenager Didn’t Sleep For Eleven Days. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2005). 21st Century Challenges: Reexamining the Base of the Federal Government. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Hatcher, R. (2012). Guide to improvisation for Mozart’s serenade in Bb Major, K. 361, the “Gran Partita.” Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Qiu, L. (2017). Trump’s Often Misleading Critiques of the Affordable Care Act. New York Times, A12.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Salzberg, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Sagarin and Micheli, 2001; Salzberg, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Sagarin and Micheli, 2001)
Three or more authors: (McGee et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Craniofacial Biology
Abbreviation	Front. Physiol.
ISSN (online)	1664-042X
Scope	Physiology Physiology (medical)