How to format your references using the Frontiers in Craniofacial Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Craniofacial Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Johnstone, R. A. (2002). The evolution of inaccurate mimics. Nature 418, 524–526.

A journal article with 2 authors

Narayan, R., and Quataert, E. (2005). Black hole accretion. Science 307, 77–80.

A journal article with 3 authors

Naylor, R. L., Williams, S. L., and Strong, D. R. (2001). Ecology. Aquaculture--a gateway for exotic species. Science 294, 1655–1656.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Baker, A. C., Starger, C. J., McClanahan, T. R., and Glynn, P. W. (2004). Coral reefs: corals’ adaptive response to climate change. Nature 430, 741.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ghavami, M., Michael, L. B., and Kohno, R. (2006). Ultra Wideband Signals and Systems in Communication Engineering. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Beneventano, D., Despotovic, Z., Guerra, F., Joseph, S., Moro, G., and Pinninck, A. P. de eds. (2012). Agents and Peer-to-Peer Computing: 7th International Workshop, AP2PC 2008, Estoril, Portugal, May 13, 2008 and 8th International Workshop, AP2PC 2009, Budapest, Hungary, May 11, 2009. Revised Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Gonzàlez-Alujas, M. T., and Evangelista Masip, A. (2016). “Echocardiography in Infective Endocarditis Diagnosis,” in Infective Endocarditis: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Imaging, Therapy, and Prevention, ed. G. Habib (Cham: Springer International Publishing), 37–50.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Craniofacial Biology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014). Malaria Vaccine Trial Yields Promising Results. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/malaria-vaccine-trial-yields-promising-results/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1999). Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Customs Has Established Effective Year 2000 Program Controls. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fortenbery, N. R. (2012). Regulation of Natural Killer Cells: SHIP-1, 2B4, and Immunomodulation by Lenalidomide. Tampa, FL: University of South Florida.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Goldstein, M., Abrams, R., and Protess, B. (2016). Private Equity Hits Close to Home. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Johnstone, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Johnstone, 2002; Narayan and Quataert, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Narayan and Quataert, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Baker et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Craniofacial Biology
Abbreviation	Front. Physiol.
ISSN (online)	1664-042X
Scope	Physiology Physiology (medical)