How to format your references using the Frontiers in Cardiac Electrophysiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Cardiac Electrophysiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lake, J. A. (2007). Disappearing act. Nature 446, 983.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bakkenist, C. J., and Kastan, M. B. (2003). DNA damage activates ATM through intermolecular autophosphorylation and dimer dissociation. Nature 421, 499–506.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hayden, B. Y., Pearson, J. M., and Platt, M. L. (2009). Fictive reward signals in the anterior cingulate cortex. Science 324, 948–950.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Pastor, W. A., Pape, U. J., Huang, Y., Henderson, H. R., Lister, R., Ko, M., et al. (2011). Genome-wide mapping of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in embryonic stem cells. Nature 473, 394–397.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Cleaver, H., Cawson, P., Gorin, S., and Walker, S. (2009). Safeguarding Children. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

An edited book

Wong, T.-C., Yuen, B., and Goldblum, C. eds. (2008). Spatial Planning for a Sustainable Singapore. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhao, S., Han, J., Lv, J., Jiang, X., Hu, X., Zhang, S., et al. (2016). “A Multi-stage Sparse Coding Framework to Explore the Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure,” in Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 2016: 19th International Conference, Athens, Greece, October 17-21, 2016, Proceedings, Part I, eds. S. Ourselin, L. Joskowicz, M. R. Sabuncu, G. Unal, and W. Wells (Cham: Springer International Publishing), 28–36.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Cardiac Electrophysiology.

Blog post

Hale, T. (2016). Monsanto Strikes Deal To Use CRISPR Gene-Editing Technology In Food. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/monsanto-strikes-deal-to-use-crispr-geneediting-technology-in-food/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2016). West Coast Ports: Better Supply Chain Information Could Improve DOT’s Freight Efforts. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Davis, P. J. (2009). A comparison of a high and low -performing school in the Soroti Catholic Diocese, Uganda, East -Africa. Scottsdale, AZ: Northcentral University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart, J. B. (2016). How to Mend the Tax Code to Close Trump’s Loopholes. New York Times, B1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Lake, 2007).
This sentence cites two references (Bakkenist and Kastan, 2003; Lake, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Bakkenist and Kastan, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Pastor et al., 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Cardiac Electrophysiology
Abbreviation	Front. Physiol.
ISSN (online)	1664-042X
Scope	Physiology Physiology (medical)