How to format your references using the Frontiers in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Cann, R. L. (2013). Genetics. Y weigh in again on modern humans. Science 341, 465–467.

A journal article with 2 authors

Frank, S. A., and Nowak, M. A. (2003). Cell biology: Developmental predisposition to cancer. Nature 422, 494.

A journal article with 3 authors

Smith, S. J., Wigley, T. M., and Edmonds, J. (2000). CLIMATE: A New Route Toward Limiting Climate Change? Science 290, 1109–1110.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Meissle, M., Zünd, J., Waldburger, M., and Romeis, J. (2014). Development of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) on pollen from Bt-transgenic and conventional maize. Sci. Rep. 4, 5900.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Milne, D. (2012). The Psychology of Retirement. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Jiao, Z. (2012). Distributed-Order Dynamic Systems: Stability, Simulation, Applications and Perspectives., eds. Y. Chen and I. Podlubny. London: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Bauer, A. J., and Francis, G. L. (2016). “Molecular Aspects of Thyroid Cancer in Children,” in Thyroid Cancer: A Comprehensive Guide to Clinical Management, eds. L. Wartofsky and D. Van Nostrand (New York, NY: Springer), 31–41.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention.

Blog post

Andrews, R. (2017). Scientists Build Working Heart Tissue Out Of Spinach Leaves. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientists-build-working-heart-tissue-out-of-spinach-leaves/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2010). District of Columbia Public Education: Agencies Have Enhanced Internal Controls Over Federal Payments for School Improvement, But More Consistent Monitoring Needed. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Forshey, T. M. (2013). Neural basis of the neurological diagnostic power of vibrotactile sensory testing. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Billard, M. (2010). Scouting Report. New York Times, E5.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Cann, 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Frank and Nowak, 2003; Cann, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Frank and Nowak, 2003)
Three or more authors: (Meissle et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention
Abbreviation	Front. Oncol.
ISSN (online)	2234-943X
Scope	Cancer Research Oncology