How to format your references using the Frontiers in Aquatic Physiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Frontiers in Aquatic Physiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hogg, P. J. (2006). Composites in armor. Science 314, 1100–1101.

A journal article with 2 authors

Marsh, M., and van Meer, G. (2008). Cell biology. No ESCRTs for exosomes. Science 319, 1191–1192.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yin, Y., Manoury, B., and Fåhraeus, R. (2003). Self-inhibition of synthesis and antigen presentation by Epstein-Barr virus-encoded EBNA1. Science 301, 1371–1374.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Grenfell, B. T., Pybus, O. G., Gog, J. R., Wood, J. L. N., Daly, J. M., Mumford, J. A., et al. (2004). Unifying the epidemiological and evolutionary dynamics of pathogens. Science 303, 327–332.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Packard, A. (2010). Digital Media Law. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell.

An edited book

Hristu-Varsakelis, D., and Levine, W. S. eds. (2005). Handbook of Networked and Embedded Control Systems., 1st Edn. Boston, MA: Birkhäuser.

A chapter in an edited book

dos Santos Isaias, R. M., da Silva Carneiro, R. G., Santos, J. C., and de Oliveira, D. C. (2014). “Gall Morphotypes in the Neotropics and the Need to Standardize Them,” in Neotropical Insect Galls, eds. G. W. Fernandes and J. C. Santos (Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands), 51–67.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Frontiers in Aquatic Physiology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014). Two-Faced Cat Dies Aged 15. IFLScience. Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/beloved-frank-and-louie-dead-15/ (Accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2017). Commercial Space Launch Insurance: Weakness in FAA’s Insurance Calculation May Expose the Federal Government to Excess Risk. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Young, J. L. (2010). A community college’s loss of accreditation: A case study. Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner, J. (2017). With Loss and an Injury, It’s Just Another Day for the Mets. New York Times, B11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hogg, 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Hogg, 2006; Marsh and van Meer, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Marsh and van Meer, 2008)
Three or more authors: (Grenfell et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	Frontiers in Aquatic Physiology
Abbreviation	Front. Physiol.
ISSN (online)	1664-042X
Scope	Physiology Physiology (medical)