How to format your references using the Food Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Food Microbiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Benford, G., 2001. Where might it lead? Nature 414, 399.

A journal article with 2 authors

Kim-Muller, J.Y., Accili, D., 2011. Cell biology. Selective insulin sensitizers. Science 331, 1529–1531.

A journal article with 3 authors

Smolin, J.A., Smith, G., Vargo, A., 2013. Oversimplifying quantum factoring. Nature 499, 163–165.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Bonfil, R., Meÿer, M., Scholl, M.C., Johnson, R., O’Brien, S., Oosthuizen, H., Swanson, S., Kotze, D., Paterson, M., 2005. Transoceanic migration, spatial dynamics, and population linkages of white sharks. Science 310, 100–103.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ginena, K., Hamid, A., 2015. Foundations of Sharī‘ah Governance of Islamic Banks. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Yadav, S.S., Redden, R. (Eds.), 2010. Climate Change and Management of Cool Season Grain Legume Crops. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Gamlem, S.M., 2015. Feedback in the Mentoring of Teacher Learning, in: Tillema, H., Westhuizen, G.J. van der, Smith, K. (Eds.), Mentoring for Learning: “Climbing the Mountain.” SensePublishers, Rotterdam, pp. 79–97.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Food Microbiology.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2016. This Creepy-Looking Robot Sweats From Its Metal “Bones” To Keep Cool [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/technology/this-creepylooking-robot-sweats-from-its-metal-bones-to-keep-cool/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2005. Information Technology Management: Census Bureau Has Implemented Many Key Practices, but Additional Actions Are Needed (No. GAO-05-661). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Eller, L.S., 2012. Social media as avenue for personal learning for educators: Personal learning networks encourage application of knowledge and skills (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodgman, J., 2016. Bonus Advice From Judge John Hodgman. New York Times MM22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Benford, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Benford, 2001; Kim-Muller and Accili, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Kim-Muller and Accili, 2011)
Three or more authors: (Bonfil et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Food Microbiology
Abbreviation	Food Microbiol.
ISSN (print)	0740-0020
Scope	Food Science Microbiology General Medicine