How to format your references using the Food Biophysics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Food Biophysics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. K. J. Swartz, Nature 456, 891 (2008).

A journal article with 2 authors

1. L. Partridge and D. Gems, Nature 450, 165 (2007).

A journal article with 3 authors

1. N. J. B. Kraft, R. Valencia, and D. D. Ackerly, Science 322, 580 (2008).

A journal article with 4 or more authors

1. C. G. Salzmann, P. G. Radaelli, A. Hallbrucker, E. Mayer, and J. L. Finney, Science 311, 1758 (2006).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. M. C. Altman, Kant and Applied Ethics (Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK, 2011).

An edited book

1. H. Abut, J. H. L. Hansen, and K. Takeda, editors , Advances for In-Vehicle and Mobile Systems: Challenges for International Standards (Springer US, Boston, MA, 2007).

A chapter in an edited book

1. P. Holmstrup and A. Flyvbjerg, in Oral Infections and General Health: From Molecule to Chairside, edited by A. M. Lynge Pedersen (Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2016), pp. 35–44.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Food Biophysics.

Blog post

1. S. Luntz, IFLScience (2017).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office, Next Generation Air Transportation System: Challenges with Partner Agency and FAA Coordination Continue, and Efforts to Integrate Near-, Mid-, and Long-Term Activities Are Ongoing (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2010).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. C. McCallum-Bonar, Black Ashkenaz And the Almost Promised Land: Yiddish Literature and the Harlem Renaissance, Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. G. Johnson, New York Times D3 (2015).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Food Biophysics
Abbreviation	Food Biophys.
ISSN (print)	1557-1858
ISSN (online)	1557-1866
Scope	Food Science Biophysics Bioengineering Analytical Chemistry Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology