How to format your references using the Fluids citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Fluids. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Macilwain, C. Rejection of GM Crops Is Not a Failure for Science. Nature 2015, 525, 7.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hoffman, Y.; Pilpel, Y. Gene Expression. MicroRNAs Silence the Noisy Genome. Science 2015, 348, 41–42.

A journal article with 3 authors

Yang, R.T.; Hernández-Maldonado, A.J.; Yang, F.H. Desulfurization of Transportation Fuels with Zeolites under Ambient Conditions. Science 2003, 301, 79–81.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zaghloul, K.A.; Blanco, J.A.; Weidemann, C.T.; McGill, K.; Jaggi, J.L.; Baltuch, G.H.; Kahana, M.J. Human Substantia Nigra Neurons Encode Unexpected Financial Rewards. Science 2009, 323, 1496–1499.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Fisher, R.B.; Breckon, T.P.; Dawson-Howe, K.; Fitzgibbon, A.; Robertson, C.; Trucco, E.; Williams, C.K.I. Dictionary of Computer Vision and Image Processing; John Wiley & Sons, Ltd: Chichester, UK, 2016; ISBN 9781119286462.

An edited book

Erverdi, N. Alveolar Distraction Osteogenesis: ArchWise Appliance and Technique; Motro, M., Ed.; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2015; ISBN 9783319077062.

A chapter in an edited book

Genovese, A.; Piuri, V.; Scotti, F. Innovative Methods for Touchless and Less-Constrained Palmprint Recognition. In Touchless Palmprint Recognition Systems; Piuri, V., Scotti, F., Eds.; Advances in Information Security; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2014; pp. 111–155 ISBN 9783319103648.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Fluids.

Blog post

Hamilton, K. The Largest Living Thing On Earth Is Mostly Hidden From View (accessed on 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office Transportation Infrastructure: Central Artery/Tunnel Project Faces Financial Uncertainties; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1996;

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lawrence, B.H. Evaluation of a Cultural Practice and 2,4-D-Based Herbicide Programs for Glyphosateresistant Palmer Amaranth Management. Doctoral dissertation, Mississippi State University: Mississippi State, MS, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hartocollis, A. Latest Economic Lifeline Is a Leafy One. New York Times 2015, A14.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Fluids
Abbreviation	Fluids
ISSN (online)	2311-5521
Scope