How to format your references using the Fish and Fisheries citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Fish and Fisheries. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Niemeyer, C. M. (2002). Nanotechnology. Tools for the biomolecular engineer. Science (New York, N.Y.), 297(5578), 62–63.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wang, Y.-C., & Ferguson, E. L. (2005). Spatial bistability of Dpp-receptor interactions during Drosophila dorsal-ventral patterning. Nature, 434(7030), 229–234.

A journal article with 3 authors

Duan, Q., Goodale, E., & Quan, R.-C. (2014). Bird fruit preferences match the frequency of fruit colours in tropical Asia. Scientific Reports, 4, 5627.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Månsson, M., Kalies, I., Bergström, G., Schmidt, C., Legnehed, A., Hultén, L. M., Amrot-Fors, L., Gustafsson, D., & Knecht, W. (2014). Lp(a) is not associated with diabetes but affects fibrinolysis and clot structure ex vivo. Scientific Reports, 4, 5318.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bradley, R. L., Jr. (2011). Edison to Enron. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Baranzini, A., Ramirez, J., Schaerer, C., & Thalmann, P. (Eds.). (2008). Hedonic Methods in Housing Markets: Pricing Environmental Amenities and Segregation. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Moriceau, H., Lagahe-Blanchard, C., Fournel, F., Pocas, S., Jalaguier, E., Perreau, P., Deguet, C., Ernst, T., Beaumont, A., Kernevez, N., Hartman, J. M., Ghyselen, B., Aulnette, C., Letertre, F., Rayssac, O., Faure, B., Richtarch, C., & Cayrefourq, I. (2005). Smart Cut Technology: The Path for Advanced SOI Substrates. In D. Flandre, A. N. Nazarov, & P. L. F. Hemment (Eds.), Science and Technology of Semiconductor-On-Insulator Structures and Devices Operating in a Harsh Environment: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Science and Technology of Semiconductor-On-Insulator Structures and Devices Operating in a Harsh Environment Kiev, Ukraine 26–30 April 2004 (pp. 39–52). Springer Netherlands.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Fish and Fisheries.

Blog post

Andrew, E. (2014, May 27). Amazing Photographs Of Alcoholic Drinks Under The Microscope. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/amazing-photographs-alcoholic-drinks-under-microscope/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2012). Transportation Security Administration: Progress and Challenges Faced in Strengthening Three Key Security Programs (GAO-12-541T). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Megowan, G. (2012). A correlation study of emotional intelligence and behavioral style of bio-pharmaceutical industry District Sales Managers [Doctoral dissertation]. Pepperdine University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Lehman, S. (2016, November 11). The Big Try-On. New York Times, F4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Niemeyer, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Niemeyer, 2002; Wang & Ferguson, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wang & Ferguson, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Månsson et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Fish and Fisheries
Abbreviation	Fish Fish (Oxf.)
ISSN (print)	1467-2960
ISSN (online)	1467-2979
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law