How to format your references using the Financial Innovation citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Financial Innovation. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P (2005) Come together. Nature 434:252–253

A journal article with 2 authors

Trumbore SE, Czimczik CI (2008) Geology. An uncertain future for soil carbon. Science 321:1455–1456

A journal article with 3 authors

Hwang H-W, Wentzel EA, Mendell JT (2007) A hexanucleotide element directs microRNA nuclear import. Science 315:97–100

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Ruano MA, Lopez-Bonet E, Buxó M, et al (2014) An improved axillary staging system using the OSNA assay does not modify the therapeutic management of breast cancer patients. Sci Rep 4:5743

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bonald T, Feuillet M (2011) Network Performance Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

El Fallah Seghrouchni A, Dix J, Dastani M, Bordini RH (eds) (2009) Multi-Agent Programming: Languages, Tools and Applications. Springer US, Boston, MA

A chapter in an edited book

Ater JL, Weinberg JS, Maor MH, Petropoulos D (2005) Brain Tumors: Chemotherapy and Investigational Therapy. In: Chan KW, Raney RB (eds) Pediatric Oncology. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp 50–69

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Financial Innovation.

Blog post

Hale T (2016) 900 Million Android Devices Could Be Vulnerable To Hackers Due To A Bug. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/900-million-android-devices-could-be-vulnerable-to-hackers-due-to-a-bug/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2015) Space Acquisitions: GAO Assessment of DOD Responsive Launch Report. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Restrepo E (2009) Eventalizing blackness in Colombia. Doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K (2001) Slippers, Pudding and a Martini Glass For Auden, in This Age of Anxiety. New York Times 148

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Smaglik 2005; Trumbore and Czimczik 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Trumbore and Czimczik 2008)
Three or more authors: (Ruano et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Financial Innovation
ISSN (online)	2199-4730
Scope