How to format your references using the Finance and Stochastics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Finance and Stochastics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Wickware, P.: Postdocs reject academic research. Nature. 407, 429–430 (2000)

A journal article with 2 authors

Flint, J., Munafò, M.: Schizophrenia: genesis of a complex disease. Nature. 511, 412–413 (2014)

A journal article with 3 authors

Beekman, M., Calis, J.N., Boot, W.J.: Parasitic honeybees get royal treatment. Nature. 404, 723 (2000)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Han, X., Jin, M., Breuker, K., McLafferty, F.W.: Extending top-down mass spectrometry to proteins with masses greater than 200 kilodaltons. Science. 314, 109–112 (2006)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kitai, A.: Principles of Solar Cells, LEDs and Diodes: The role of the PN junction. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK (2011)

An edited book

Cappabianca, P., Cavallo, L.M., de Divitiis, O., Esposito, F. eds: Midline Skull Base Surgery. Springer International Publishing, Cham (2016)

A chapter in an edited book

Sharma, A., Srivastava, J., Kumar, A.: A Comprehensive Overview of Renewable Energy Status in India. In: Thangavel, P. and Sridevi, G. (eds.) Environmental Sustainability: Role of Green Technologies. pp. 91–105. Springer India, New Delhi (2015)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Finance and Stochastics.

Blog post

Carpineti, A.: Radio Telescope Shows Halos Are Common Around Spiral Galaxies, https://www.iflscience.com/space/radio-telescope-discovers-common-halos-around-spiral-galaxies/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Radio Frequencies: Earlier Coordination Could Improve System Use and Save Costs. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (1987)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Eaglen Bertrando, S.L.: Rethinking Workplace Learning in the Digital World: A Case Study of Open Badges, (2017)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Weiser, B., Schwirtz, M.: Prison Guards Will Not Be Charged in an Inmate’s Death in 2015, Prosecutors Say, (2017)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Finance and Stochastics
Abbreviation	Finance Stoch.
ISSN (print)	0949-2984
ISSN (online)	1432-1122
Scope	Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Finance Statistics and Probability