How to format your references using the Fertility Research and Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Fertility Research and Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. McCann K. Protecting biostructure. Nature. 2007;446:29.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Pauluis O, Dias J. Satellite estimates of precipitation-induced dissipation in the atmosphere. Science. 2012;335:953–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Mueller K, Hough SE, Bilham R. Analysing the 1811-1812 New Madrid earthquakes with recent instrumentally recorded aftershocks. Nature. 2004;429:284–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Keren K, Krueger M, Gilad R, Ben-Yoseph G, Sivan U, Braun E. Sequence-specific molecular lithography on single DNA molecules. Science. 2002;297:72–5.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Langton R. Stability and Control of Aircraft Systems. Chichester, England: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

1. Linol B, de Wit MJ, editors. Origin and Evolution of the Cape Mountains and Karoo Basin. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Harris GJ. Keynote Address: The 3D Imaging Service at Massachusetts General Hospital: 11 Years Experience. In: Li K, Jia L, Sun X, Fei M, Irwin GW, editors. Life System Modeling and Intelligent Computing: International Conference on Life System Modeling and Simulation, LSMS 2010, and International Conference on Intelligent Computing for Sustainable Energy and Environment, ICSEE 2010, Wuxi, China, September 17-20, 2010 Proceedings, Part III. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 27–32.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Fertility Research and Practice.

Blog post

1. Carpineti A. New Paper Explains How The “Impossible’ EM Drive Might Work. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Intercity Passenger Rail: Decisions on the Future of Amtrak and Intercity Passenger Rail Are Approaching. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2000 Sep. Report No.: T-RCED-00-277.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Haxton SA. Student Risk Perception in the Undergraduate Teaching Laboratory [Doctoral dissertation]. [Edwardsville, IL]: Southern Illinois University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Kanter J. E.U. Moves to Set Up Military Training. New York Times. 2017 Mar 6;A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Fertility Research and Practice
Abbreviation	Fertil. Res. Pract.
ISSN (online)	2054-7099
Scope