How to format your references using the Fertility Research and Practice citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Fertility Research and Practice. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Palese P. Don’t censor life-saving science. Nature. 2012;481:115.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Maheswaran S, Haber DA. Cell fate: Transition loses its invasive edge. Nature. 2015;527:452–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Veenstra GJ, Weeks DL, Wolffe AP. Distinct roles for TBP and TBP-like factor in early embryonic gene transcription in Xenopus. Science. 2000;290:2312–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Yoshida Y, Kuroiwa H, Misumi O, Nishida K, Yagisawa F, Fujiwara T, et al. Isolated chloroplast division machinery can actively constrict after stretching. Science. 2006;313:1435–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Pierce DR. Project Scheduling and Management for Construction. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

1. Sivalingam KM, Subramaniam S, editors. Emerging Optical Network Technologies: Architectures, Protocols and Performance. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kadir RA, Hashim ARM, Wirza R, Mustapha A. 3D Visualization of Simple Natural Language Statement Using Semantic Description. In: Badioze Zaman H, Robinson P, Petrou M, Olivier P, Shih TK, Velastin S, et al., editors. Visual Informatics: Sustaining Research and Innovations: Second International Visual Informatics Conference, IVIC 2011, Selangor, Malaysia, November 9-11, 2011, Proceedings, Part I. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011. p. 36–44.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Fertility Research and Practice.

Blog post

1. Luntz S. Coral Snake Has The Venom Of A Scorpion [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/coral-snake-has-the-venom-of-a-scorpion/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Next Generation Air Transportation System: Preliminary Analysis of Progress and Challenges Associated with the Transformation of the National Airspace System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2006 Jul. Report No.: GAO-06-915T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Brady DC. The transforming Rho family GTPase, Wrch -1, regulates epithelial cell morphogenesis through modulating cell junctions and actin cytoskeletal dynamics [Doctoral dissertation]. [Chapel Hill, NC]: University of North Carolina; 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Barron J. Van Wyck Guardrails Take a Beating From Cars and Trump. New York Times. 2017 Apr 7;A21.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Fertility Research and Practice
Abbreviation	Fertil. Res. Pract.
ISSN (online)	2054-7099
Scope