How to format your references using the Explorations in Economic History citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Explorations in Economic History. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bignami, G.F., 2008. Astronomy. Gamma rays and neutron stars. Science 322, 1193–1194.

A journal article with 2 authors

Aeppli, G., Soh, Y.A., 2001. Physics Quantum criticality in a clean metal. Science 294, 315–316.

A journal article with 3 authors

Nakagaki, T., Yamada, H., Tóth, A., 2000. Maze-solving by an amoeboid organism. Nature 407, 470.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Futreal, P.A., Kasprzyk, A., Birney, E., Mullikin, J.C., Wooster, R., Stratton, M.R., 2001. Cancer and genomics. Nature 409, 850–852.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pietersen, W., 2010. Strategic Learning. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Presutti, V., Blomqvist, E., Troncy, R., Sack, H., Papadakis, I., Tordai, A. (Eds.), 2014. The Semantic Web: ESWC 2014 Satellite Events: ESWC 2014 Satellite Events, Anissaras, Crete, Greece, May 25-29, 2014, Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Bag, S., Ruj, S., Roy, B., 2013. Jamming Resistant Schemes for Wireless Communication: A Combinatorial Approach, in: Bagchi, A., Ray, I. (Eds.), Information Systems Security: 9th International Conference, ICISS 2013, Kolkata, India, December 16-20, 2013. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 43–62.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Explorations in Economic History.

Blog post

Evans, K., 2017. Can You Really Be Addicted To Love? [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/brain/can-you-really-be-addicted-to-love/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1994. Research Fleet Modernization: NOAA Needs to Consider Alternatives to the Acquisition of New Vessels (No. RCED-94-170). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Coar, H., 2010. Using mandalas to support grieving female adolescents: A case study (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Novick, S.M., 2015. Turkey and Trimmings, Without Dishes to Do. New York Times LI11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Bignami, 2008).
This sentence cites two references (Aeppli and Soh, 2001; Bignami, 2008).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Aeppli and Soh, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Futreal et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Explorations in Economic History
Abbreviation	Explor. Econ. Hist.
ISSN (print)	0014-4983
Scope	History Economics and Econometrics