How to format your references using the Expert Review of Ophthalmology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Expert Review of Ophthalmology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Hughes JD. Energy: A reality check on the shale revolution. Nature. 2013;494:307–308.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Osterholm MT, Henderson DA. Public health and biosecurity. Life sciences at a crossroads: respiratory transmissible H5N1. Science. 2012;335:801–802.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Sasaki T, Yamamoto Y, Koashi M. Practical quantum key distribution protocol without monitoring signal disturbance. Nature. 2014;509:475–478.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Xu Q, Liu F, Liu Y, et al. Broadband light absorption enhancement in dye-sensitized solar cells with Au-Ag alloy popcorn nanoparticles. Sci Rep. 2013;3:2112.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Tunley M, Whittaker A, Gee J, et al. The Accredited Counter Fraud Specialist Handbook. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

[1]

Archer MS, editor. Social Morphogenesis. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Encheva S. On Indiscernibility in Assessments. In: Kim T-H, Ma J, Fang W-C, et al., editors. U- and E-Service, Science and Technology: International Conference UNESST 2010, Held as Part of the Future Generation Information Technology Conference, FGIT 2010, Jeju Island, Korea, December 13-15, 2010 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 39–47.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Expert Review of Ophthalmology.

Blog post

[1]

O`Callaghan J. Astronomers Spot Brightest Ever Gamma-Ray Pulsar Coming From Another Galaxy [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/first-gamma-ray-pulsar-found-outside-our-galaxy-also-brightest/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Rail Safety: The Federal Railroad Administration Is Better Targeting Its Oversight, but Needs to Assess the Impact of Its Efforts. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007. Report No.: GAO-07-390T. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Phongprasert AV. MSW students’ perceived knowledge and perceptions of effectiveness of the child welfare system [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Feeney K. Storefront Takeout, From Scratch. New York Times. 2007 Jun 17;NJ6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Expert Review of Ophthalmology
Abbreviation	Expert Rev. Ophthalmol.
ISSN (print)	1746-9899
ISSN (online)	1746-9902
Scope	Biomedical Engineering Ophthalmology Optometry

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