How to format your references using the Expert Review of Ophthalmology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Expert Review of Ophthalmology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Kotok A. Science careers. Business financing for your research. Science. 2008;319(5869):1549.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Neuman Y, Cohen Y. A vectorial semantics approach to personality assessment. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4761.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Begun DR, Richmond BG, Strait DS. Comment on “Origin of human bipedalism as an adaptation for locomotion on flexible branches.” Science. 2007;318(5853):1066; author reply 1066.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Mitchell CJ, Horányi M, Havnes O, et al. Saturn’s spokes: lost and found. Science. 2006;311(5767):1587–1589.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Praetorius S, Schößer B. Bentonithandbuch. Berlin, Germany: Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG; 2016.

An edited book

[1]

Campilho A, Kamel M, editors. Image Analysis and Recognition: 7th International Conference, ICIAR 2010, Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal, June 21-23, 2010. Proceedings, Part I. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Rosson R. Sample Collection and Preparation. In: Kahn B, editor. Radioanalytical Chemistry. New York, NY: Springer; 2007. p. 77–92.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Expert Review of Ophthalmology.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. Male Seahorse Pregnancies Aren’t That Peculiar [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/male-seahorse-pregnancies-arent-peculiar/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Satellite Control Systems: Opportunity for DOD to Implement Space Policy and Integrate Capabilities. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1999. Report No.: NSIAD-99-81. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Lancaster G. Understanding interdisciplinary communication and collaboration among physicians, nurses, and unlicensed assistive personnel [Doctoral dissertation]. [Phoenix, AZ]: University of Phoenix; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Crow K. The Newest Tower: Working 24/7. New York Times. 2001 Dec 9;1414.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Expert Review of Ophthalmology
Abbreviation	Expert Rev. Ophthalmol.
ISSN (print)	1746-9899
ISSN (online)	1746-9902
Scope	Biomedical Engineering Ophthalmology Optometry