How to format your references using the Expert Review of Ophthalmology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Expert Review of Ophthalmology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Trenberth KE. Changes in tropical clouds and radiation. Science. 2002;296(5576):2095.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Sinervo B, Clobert J. Morphs, dispersal behavior, genetic similarity, and the evolution of cooperation. Science. 2003;300(5627):1949–1951.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Forde SE, Thompson JN, Bohannan BJM. Adaptation varies through space and time in a coevolving host-parasitoid interaction. Nature. 2004;431(7010):841–844.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Kroodsma DA, Mayorga J, Hochberg T, et al. Tracking the global footprint of fisheries. Science. 2018;359(6378):904–908.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Mindham CN. Roof Construction and Loft Conversion. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd; 2008.

An edited book

[1]

Erto P, editor. Statistics for Innovation: Statistical Design of “Continuous” Product Innovation. Milano: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Claassen GDH, Hendrix EMT. On Modelling Approaches for Planning and Scheduling in Food Processing Industry. In: Murgante B, Misra S, Rocha AMAC, et al., editors. Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2014: 14th International Conference, Guimarães, Portugal, June 30 – July 3, 2014, Proceedings, Part II. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. p. 47–59.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Expert Review of Ophthalmology.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. NASA’s Maven Successfully Reaches Mars [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/nasas-maven-successfully-reaches-mars/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Federal Communications Commission: MDS and ITFS Two-Way Transmissions. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998. Report No.: OGC-99-23. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Shafran RF. Leading Organizational Change: A Phenomenological Study of the Nonlinear Strategies Used by Female Leaders in Global Companies [Doctoral dissertation]. [Malibu, CA]: Pepperdine University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Koblin J, Corasaniti N. One Nation, Under Fox. New York Times. 2017 Mar 25;A18.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Expert Review of Ophthalmology
Abbreviation	Expert Rev. Ophthalmol.
ISSN (print)	1746-9899
ISSN (online)	1746-9902
Scope	Biomedical Engineering Ophthalmology Optometry