How to format your references using the Expert Review of Medical Devices citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Expert Review of Medical Devices. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Strober W. Immunology. Unraveling gut inflammation. Science. 2006;313(5790):1052–1054.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Yanovsky MJ, Kay SA. Molecular basis of seasonal time measurement in Arabidopsis. Nature. 2002;419(6904):308–312.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Kassen R, Llewellyn M, Rainey PB. Ecological constraints on diversification in a model adaptive radiation. Nature. 2004;431(7011):984–988.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Javey A, Guo J, Wang Q, et al. Ballistic carbon nanotube field-effect transistors. Nature. 2003;424(6949):654–657.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Cavalla D. Off-label prescribing - Justifying unapproved medicine. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

[1]

Pape H-C, Sanders R, Borrelli J Jr, editors. The Poly-Traumatized Patient with Fractures: A Multi-Disciplinary Approach. 2nd ed. 2016. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Reichenbächer M, Popp J. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR). In: Popp J, editor. Challenges in Molecular Structure Determination. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 215–312.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Expert Review of Medical Devices.

Blog post

[1]

Fang J. Visualizing 13 Billion Years of Cosmic Evolution [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/visualizing-13-billion-years-cosmic-evolution/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Space Shuttle: Changes to the Solid Rocket Motor Contract. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1988. Report No.: NSIAD-88-203. .

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Olsen SL. A Year of Sin An Experiential Exhibition of Sin [Doctoral dissertation]. [Washington, DC]: George Washington University; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Wagner J. Back on the Mound, Harvey Has Issues With Command. New York Times. 2017 May 13;D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Expert Review of Medical Devices
Abbreviation	Expert Rev. Med. Devices
ISSN (print)	1743-4440
ISSN (online)	1745-2422
Scope	Biomedical Engineering General Medicine Surgery