How to format your references using the Experimental Mechanics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Experimental Mechanics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bell LE (2008) Cooling, heating, generating power, and recovering waste heat with thermoelectric systems. Science 321:1457–1461

A journal article with 2 authors

Hinrichs K-U, Inagaki F (2012) Biogeochemistry. Downsizing the deep biosphere. Science 338:204–205

A journal article with 3 authors

Karlseder J, Smogorzewska A, de Lange T (2002) Senescence induced by altered telomere state, not telomere loss. Science 295:2446–2449

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Zhai Y, Pierre D, Si R, et al (2010) Alkali-stabilized Pt-OHx species catalyze low-temperature water-gas shift reactions. Science 329:1633–1636

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bitton G (2014) Microbiology of Drinking Water. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Carrara S (2011) Nano-Bio-Sensing. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

de Oliveira MC (2012) Explicit Controller Parametrizations for Linear Parameter-Varying Affine Systems Using Linear Matrix Inequalities. In: Mohammadpour J, Scherer CW (eds) Control of Linear Parameter Varying Systems with Applications. Springer US, Boston, MA, pp 91–104

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Experimental Mechanics.

Blog post

Carpineti C (2017) Check Out What Comes Crawling Out Of This Elephant. In: IFLScience. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1983) DOD’s Automated Telecommunications Centers Reduce the Impact of Message Volume on Staffing. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Spratley AM (2010) Connecting Law and Creativity: The Role of Lawyers in Supporting Creative and Innovative Economic Development. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Greenhouse L (2007) Justices, 5-4, Accept No Excuses From Inmate for Mistaken Late Filing of an Appeal. New York Times A18

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Experimental Mechanics
Abbreviation	Exp. Mech.
ISSN (print)	0014-4851
ISSN (online)	1741-2765
Scope	Aerospace Engineering Mechanical Engineering Mechanics of Materials

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