How to format your references using the Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Vinge V: Win a Nobel prize! Nature 407: 679, 2000.

A journal article with 2 authors

Viscidi RP and Shah KV: Cancer. A skin cancer virus? Science 319: 1049–1050, 2008.

A journal article with 3 authors

Khatiwala S, Primeau F and Hall T: Reconstruction of the history of anthropogenic CO(2) concentrations in the ocean. Nature 462: 346–349, 2009.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Rodrigo-Navarro A, Rico P, Saadeddin A, Garcia AJ and Salmeron-Sanchez M: Living biointerfaces based on non-pathogenic bacteria to direct cell differentiation. Sci Rep 4: 5849, 2014.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bell M: Incremental Software Architecture. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ, 2016.

An edited book

Braude SY, Salomonovich AE, Samanian VA, et al.: A Brief History of Radio Astronomy in the USSR: A Collection of Scientific Essays. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Schnidman EA and MacMillan WD: Centralization: The Rise of Technocracy. In: How the Fed Moves Markets: Central Bank Analysis for the Modern Era. MacMillan WD (ed.) Palgrave Macmillan US, New York, NY, pp31–38, 2016.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew E: White Shark Populations Are Growing. Here’s Why That’s Good News. IFLScience, 2015.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Special Education: Improved Timeliness and Better Use of Enforcement Actions Could Strengthen Education’s Monitoring System. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2004.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Morgan AJ: Analyzing Red and Gray Stages of Bark Beetle Attack in the San Bernardino National Forest Using Remote Sensing., 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard B: Hezbollah Wields Rising Power as Iran’s Enforcer. New York Times: A1, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Abbreviation	Exp. Ther. Med.
ISSN (print)	1792-0981
ISSN (online)	1792-1015
Scope	Cancer Research Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous) General Medicine