How to format your references using the Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Bergman L: Damned if you don’t. Nature 435: 1002, 2005.

A journal article with 2 authors

Sazanov LA and Hinchliffe P: Structure of the hydrophilic domain of respiratory complex I from Thermus thermophilus. Science 311: 1430–1436, 2006.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sun J-Y, Wu X-S and Wu L-G: Single and multiple vesicle fusion induce different rates of endocytosis at a central synapse. Nature 417: 555–559, 2002.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Wang X-D, Wu Y-Y, A-Ping Liu and Wang P: Spatio-temporal dynamics of automatic processing of phonological information in visual words. Sci Rep 3: 3485, 2013.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Grimble MJ: Robust Industrial Control Systems. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, England, 2006.

An edited book

Yao L: Low-Power Low-Voltage Sigma-Delta Modulators in Nanometer CMOS. (Steyaert M and Sansen W (eds.)). Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, 2006.

A chapter in an edited book

Averbouch I, Godlin B and Makowsky JA: A Most General Edge Elimination Polynomial. In: Graph-Theoretic Concepts in Computer Science: 34th International Workshop, WG 2008, Durham, UK, June 30 – July 2, 2008. Revised Papers. Broersma H, Erlebach T, Friedetzky T and Paulusma D (eds.) Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp31–42, 2008.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J: What Caused SpaceX’s Rocket To Explode? IFLScience, 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Analysis of NASA’s Fiscal Year 1983 Budget Request for Research and Development To Determine the Amount That Supports DOD’s Programs. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 1982.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Crowley CE: Aging of Florida Blue Crabs, Callinectes sapidus, Through the Biochemical Extraction of Lipofuscin., 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gordon MR: Mattis Beseeches Pacific Officials to ‘Bear With Us.’ New York Times: A5, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Abbreviation	Exp. Ther. Med.
ISSN (print)	1792-0981
ISSN (online)	1792-1015
Scope	Cancer Research Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous) General Medicine