How to format your references using the European Sport Management Quarterly citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Sport Management Quarterly. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hilton, D. (2015). Donald Metcalf (1929-2014). Nature, 517(7536), 554.

A journal article with 2 authors

Nakar, E., & Piran, T. (2011). Detectable radio flares following gravitational waves from mergers of binary neutron stars. Nature, 478(7367), 82–84.

A journal article with 3 authors

Blin, A., Cissé, I., & Bockelmann, U. (2014). Electronic hybridization detection in microarray format and DNA genotyping. Scientific Reports, 4, 4194.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Kim, J., Oh, S. D., Kim, J. H., Shin, D. H., Kim, S., & Choi, S.-H. (2014). Graphene/Si-nanowire heterostructure molecular sensors. Scientific Reports, 4, 5384.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Krishnan, V. (2006). Probability and Random Processes. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Tong, C.-K. (Ed.). (2014). Chinese Business: Rethinking Guanxi and Trust in Chinese Business Networks. Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Hay, G. J., & Castilla, G. (2008). Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA): A new name for a new discipline. In T. Blaschke, S. Lang, & G. J. Hay (Eds.), Object-Based Image Analysis: Spatial Concepts for Knowledge-Driven Remote Sensing Applications (pp. 75–89). Springer.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Sport Management Quarterly.

Blog post

Luntz, S. (2017, May 23). Risk Of Death Is Significantly Lower In Teaching Hospitals. IFLScience; IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/risk-of-death-is-significantly-lower-in-teaching-hospitals-/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2003). Rail Safety and Security: Some Actions Already Taken to Enhance Rail Security, but Risk-based Plan Needed (GAO-03-435). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Betts, K. (2017). Ready, Steady, Putt! An Exhibition About the History of Miniature Golf in America [Doctoral dissertation]. George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Shpigel, B. (2017, January 16). Steelers Prevail With Six Field Goals and One Relentless Running Back. New York Times, D2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hilton, 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Hilton, 2015; Nakar & Piran, 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Nakar & Piran, 2011)
Three authors: (Blin et al., 2014)
6 or more authors: (Kim et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Sport Management Quarterly
Abbreviation	Eur. Sport Manag. Q.
ISSN (print)	1618-4742
ISSN (online)	1746-031X
Scope	Strategy and Management Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management

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