How to format your references using the European Journal of Wildlife Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Wildlife Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P (2004) Shifting the balance. Nature 427:375

A journal article with 2 authors

Ohlstein B, Spradling A (2007) Multipotent Drosophila intestinal stem cells specify daughter cell fates by differential notch signaling. Science 315:988–992

A journal article with 3 authors

Karnath H-O, Borchers S, Himmelbach M (2010) Comment on “Movement intention after parietal cortex stimulation in humans.” Science 327:1200; author reply 1200

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Karuppagounder SS, Brahmachari S, Lee Y, et al (2014) The c-Abl inhibitor, nilotinib, protects dopaminergic neurons in a preclinical animal model of Parkinson’s disease. Sci Rep 4:4874

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bauer E, Adams R, Eustace D (2011) Beyond Redundancy. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Richesson RL, Andrews JE (eds) (2012) Clinical Research Informatics. Springer, London

A chapter in an edited book

Hansen FA, Kortbek KJ, Grønbæk K (2008) Mobile Urban Drama – Setting the Stage with Location Based Technologies. In: Spierling U, Szilas N (eds) Interactive Storytelling: First Joint International Conference on Interactive Digital Storytelling, ICIDS 2008 Erfurt, Germany, November 26-29, 2008 Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 20–31

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Wildlife Research.

Blog post

Luntz S (2015) Birds Use Vortices For Elegant Flight. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/birds-use-vortices-elegant-flight/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2013) Aviation Security: TSA Should Limit Future Funding for Behavior Detection Activities. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Moose AM (2013) The Relationship of Distributed Expertise and Shared Leadership in New Product Development Teams: A Comparative Case Study. Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW (2015) Nonpayment on Bonds Would Have Consequences for Puerto Rico. New York Times B3

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Smaglik 2004; Ohlstein and Spradling 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Ohlstein and Spradling 2007)
Three or more authors: (Karuppagounder et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Wildlife Research
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Wildl. Res.
ISSN (print)	1612-4642
ISSN (online)	1439-0574
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Nature and Landscape Conservation Animal Science and Zoology Ecology