How to format your references using the European Journal of Surgical Oncology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Surgical Oncology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Schmidt-Kaler F. Quantum physics: feel the force. Nature 2014;510:349.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

van’t Veer LJ, Bernards R. Enabling personalized cancer medicine through analysis of gene-expression patterns. Nature 2008;452:564–70.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Liu W, Pellegrini M, Wang X. Detecting communities based on network topology. Sci Rep 2014;4:5739.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Xu J, Hofhuis H, Heidstra R, Sauer M, Friml J, Scheres B. A molecular framework for plant regeneration. Science 2006;311:385–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Eales L-J. Immunology for Life Scientists. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

[1]

Pentikousis K, Agüero R, García-Arranz M, Papavassiliou S, editors. Mobile Networks and Management: Second International ICST Conference, MONAMI 2010, Santander, Spain, September 22-24, 2010, Revised Selected Papers. vol. 68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Schatzker J. Fractures of the Humerus (12-A, B, and C). In: Tile M, editor. The Rationale of Operative Fracture Care, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2005, p. 91–102.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Surgical Oncology.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Iconic Boab Trees Trace Journeys Of Ancient Aboriginal People. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/iconic-boab-trees-trace-journeys-ancient-aboriginal-people/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Transportation Programs: Opportunities for Oversight and Improved Use of Taxpayer Funds. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2003.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Grimpo M. How asthma is related with the rate of influenza vaccination in California’s children. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Curran M. New Yorkers for White Sauce. New York Times 2015:A17.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Surgical Oncology
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Surg. Oncol.
ISSN (print)	0748-7983
Scope	General Medicine Oncology Surgery