How to format your references using the European Journal of Futures Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Futures Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Conselice CJ (2004) Astronomy. Unveiling the formation of massive galaxies. Science 304:399–400

A journal article with 2 authors

Choi W, Peifer M (2011) Cell biology. Arranging a cellular checkerboard. Science 333:1099–1100

A journal article with 3 authors

Zenisek D, Steyer JA, Almers W (2000) Transport, capture and exocytosis of single synaptic vesicles at active zones. Nature 406:849–854

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Moberg A, Sonechkin DM, Holmgren K, et al (2005) Highly variable Northern Hemisphere temperatures reconstructed from low- and high-resolution proxy data. Nature 433:613–617

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stafford F (2012) Reading Romantic Poetry. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK

An edited book

Pardalos PM, Georgiev PG, Srivastava HM (2012) Nonlinear Analysis: Stability, Approximation, and Inequalities. Springer, New York, NY

A chapter in an edited book

Votintseva A, Witschel P, Regnat N, Stelzig PE (2012) Comparative Study of Model-Based and Multi-Domain System Engineering Approaches for Industrial Settings. In: Vallecillo A, Tolvanen J-P, Kindler E, et al (eds) Modelling Foundations and Applications: 8th European Conference, ECMFA 2012, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark, July 2-5, 2012. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 20–31

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Futures Research.

Blog post

Fang J (2015) Researchers Solve the Centuries-Old Mystery of Darwin’s “Strangest Animals.” In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/researchers-solve-centuries-old-mystery-darwins-strangest-animals/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2014) Small Business Research Programs: More Guidance and Oversight Needed to Comply with Spending and Reporting Requirements. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Laffitte L (2012) A Comparison of Pull-Out and Co-Teaching Models on the Reading Performance of Third through Fifth Grade Elementary Students with a Diagnosed Specific Learning Disability in Reading. Doctoral dissertation, Pepperdine University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gorman J (2016) When Tickled, Rats Giggle and Leap, Researchers Find. New York Times A12

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Futures Research
ISSN (print)	2195-4194
ISSN (online)	2195-2248
Scope