How to format your references using the European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tegmark M. Cosmology. The dark side of distortion. Nature 2000; 405: 133–134.

A journal article with 2 authors

Istvan ES, Deisenhofer J. Structural mechanism for statin inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase. Science 2001; 292: 1160–1164.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kent A, Massar S, Silman J. Secure and robust transmission and verification of unknown quantum states in Minkowski space. Sci Rep 2014; 4: 3901.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Wang W, Yin L, Gonzalez-Malerva L, et al. In situ drug-receptor binding kinetics in single cells: a quantitative label-free study of anti-tumor drug resistance. Sci Rep 2014; 4: 6609.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Woo J-H, Sohn J-H, Nam B-G, et al. Mobile 3D Graphics SoC. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010.

An edited book

Zhu X, Zeichner K (eds). Preparing Teachers for the 21st Century. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 2013.

A chapter in an edited book

Sauer B. Gender and Citizenship: Governing Muslim Body Covering in Europe. In: Gemzöe L, Keinänen M-L, Maddrell A (eds) Contemporary Encounters in Gender and Religion: European Perspectives. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016, pp. 105–129.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing.

Blog post

Luntz S. Teenager On Work Experience Discovers An Exoplanet. IFLScience, https://www.iflscience.com/space/teenager-work-experience-discovers-exoplanet/ (2015, accessed 30 October 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Motor Vehicle Safety: A Review of the NTSB Report on Rear Seat Lap Belt Effectiveness. RCED-88-13, Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 13 November 1987.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pulido BB. Homes as grounding counterspaces: Mexicana undocumented students utilizing mother-daughter pedagogies of resistance to succeed in higher education. Doctoral Dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. Extra Innings and Late-Game Twists. New York Times, 27 October 2017, p. A2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Cardiovasc. Nurs.
ISSN (print)	1474-5151
ISSN (online)	1873-1953
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Advanced and Specialised Nursing Medical–Surgical