How to format your references using the European Journal for Security Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal for Security Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Charlebois D (2009) Journal club. A biophysicist ponders the application of hidden metric spaces to genetic networks. Nature 458:811

A journal article with 2 authors

Parker HG, Ostrander EA (2014) Cancer. Hiding in plain view--an ancient dog in the modern world. Science 343:376–378

A journal article with 3 authors

Jiang Q-X, Wang D-N, MacKinnon R (2004) Electron microscopic analysis of KvAP voltage-dependent K+ channels in an open conformation. Nature 430:806–810

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Volkov I, Banavar JR, He F, et al (2005) Density dependence explains tree species abundance and diversity in tropical forests. Nature 438:658–661

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Middleton D (2012) Non-Gaussian Statistical Communication Theory. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Leuschel M, Wehrheim H (eds) (2009) Integrated Formal Methods: 7th International Conference, IFM 2009, Düsseldorf, Germany, February 16-19, 2009. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Noriega P, de Jonge D (2016) Electronic Institutions: The EI/EIDE Framework. In: Aldewereld H, Boissier O, Dignum V, et al. (eds) Social Coordination Frameworks for Social Technical Systems. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 47–76

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal for Security Research.

Blog post

Hale T (2016) Watch This Kid Perfectly Sum Up All The Evidence That Vaccinations Cause Autism. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/this-kid-perfectly-sums-evidence-autism-and-vaccinations/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1990) Resolution Trust Corporation: Stronger Information Technology Leadership Needed. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Ringler I (2008) Values satisfaction and participation in a community leadership program: A case study. Doctoral dissertation, University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Schmidt S (2016) In City Rich in History, Unusual Plan to Preserve Poet’s Home. New York Times A24

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Charlebois 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Charlebois 2009; Parker and Ostrander 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Parker and Ostrander 2014)
Three or more authors: (Volkov et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal for Security Research
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Secur. Res.
ISSN (print)	2365-0931
ISSN (online)	2364-1695
Scope