How to format your references using the European Journal for Security Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Journal for Security Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kolaja K (2012) Drug discovery: computer model predicts side effects. Nature 486:326–327

A journal article with 2 authors

Fong YW, Zhou Q (2001) Stimulatory effect of splicing factors on transcriptional elongation. Nature 414:929–933

A journal article with 3 authors

Reik W, Dean W, Walter J (2001) Epigenetic reprogramming in mammalian development. Science 293:1089–1093

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Bogdan P, Deasy BM, Gharaibeh B, et al (2014) Heterogeneous structure of stem cells dynamics: statistical models and quantitative predictions. Sci Rep 4:4826

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zhang Y, Wen F, Xiao M (2013) Quantum Control of Multi-Wave Mixing. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany

An edited book

Munthe-Kaas H, Owren B (eds) (2008) Mathematics and Computation, a Contemporary View: The Abel Symposium 2006 Proceedings of the Third Abel Symposium, Alesund, Norway, May 25–27, 2006. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Tejchman J, Kozicki J (2010) Lattice Discrete Model. In: Kozicki J (ed) Experimental and Theoretical Investigations of Steel-Fibrous Concrete. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 181–268

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Journal for Security Research.

Blog post

Hamilton K (2017) Scientists Transplant Rat Testis To The Neck Of Another Rat. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientists-transplant-rat-testis-to-the-neck-of-another-rat-/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2006) No Child Left Behind Act: Education Actions Needed to Improve Implementation and Evaluation of Supplemental Educational Services. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Woods BA (2006) The Perceived Efficacy of an Empowerment Model of Youth Development among Vermont Educational Leaders. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Saslow L (2006) For $37.5 Million, the Piano Man’s Estate. New York Times LI2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kolaja 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Fong and Zhou 2001; Kolaja 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Fong and Zhou 2001)
Three or more authors: (Bogdan et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	European Journal for Security Research
Abbreviation	Eur. J. Secur. Res.
ISSN (print)	2365-0931
ISSN (online)	2364-1695
Scope