How to format your references using the European Actuarial Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for European Actuarial Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Jenkins A (2004) Graduate journal: choosing a boss. Nature 428:350

A journal article with 2 authors

Brookmeyer R, Blades N (2002) Prevention of inhalational anthrax in the U.S. outbreak. Science 295:1861

A journal article with 3 authors

Laland KN, Odling-Smee J, Feldman MW (2004) Causing a commotion. Nature 429:609

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Dejnirattisai W, Jumnainsong A, Onsirisakul N, et al (2010) Cross-reacting antibodies enhance dengue virus infection in humans. Science 328:745–748

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Demand NH (2011) The Mediterranean Context of Early Greek History. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK

An edited book

Humar A (2006) Atlas of Organ Transplantation. Springer, London

A chapter in an edited book

Terzic O, de Voogt P (2014) Modern Sample Preparation Techniques for Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Environmental Markers of Chemical Warfare Agents Use. In: Banoub J (ed) Detection of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Agents for the Prevention of Terrorism: Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp 33–67

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for European Actuarial Journal.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) See how the Great Pyramids and Other Wonders of the World Were Built. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/see-how-great-pyramids-leaning-tower-pisa-and-machu-picchu-and-other-wonders-world-were/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1984) Reasons for Lack of Replacement for Failed Weather Satellite. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Morales GA (2015) Effects of communication and control latency on air traffic controller acceptance of unmanned aircraft operations. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Crow K (2001) Elegies for a Homeless Man By Friends He Left Behind. New York Times 147

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	European Actuarial Journal
Abbreviation	Eur. Actuar. J.
ISSN (print)	2190-9733
ISSN (online)	2190-9741
Scope	Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Economics and Econometrics Statistics and Probability

Research and Writing Guides