How to format your references using the EPMA Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for EPMA Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Fisher L. Avoid major disasters by welcoming minor change. Nature. 2015;527:9.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Jutzi M, Asphaug E. COMETARY NUCLEI. The shape and structure of cometary nuclei as a result of low-velocity accretion. Science. 2015;348:1355–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Altabet MA, Higginson MJ, Murray DW. The effect of millennial-scale changes in Arabian Sea denitrification on atmospheric CO2. Nature. 2002;415:159–62.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Burresi M, van Oosten D, Kampfrath T, Schoenmaker H, Heideman R, Leinse A, et al. Probing the magnetic field of light at optical frequencies. Science. 2009;326:550–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Rémond Y, Ahzi S, Baniassadi M, Garmestani H. Applied RVE Reconstruction and Homogenization of Heterogeneous Materials. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2016.

An edited book

1. Kwuida L, Sertkaya B, editors. Formal Concept Analysis: 8th International Conference, ICFCA 2010, Agadir, Morocco, March 15-18, 2010. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Kirkwood DH, Suéry M, Kapranos P, Atkinson HV, Young KP. Introduction and Definitions for Rheology and Modeling. In: Suéry M, Kapranos P, Atkinson HV, Young KP, editors. Semi-solid Processing of Alloys. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 43–4.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for EPMA Journal.

Blog post

1. Davis J. World’s Largest Geoengineering Study Planned By Harvard Scientists [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2017 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/environment/worlds-largest-geoengineering-study-planned-by-harvard-scientists/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Truck Safety: Information on Driver Training. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989 Aug. Report No.: RCED-89-163.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Lansdon J. A policy analysis of California’s three strikes law of 1994 [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Schilling MK. Simply Grand. New York Times. 2016 Sep 15;M2218.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	EPMA Journal
Abbreviation	EPMA J.
ISSN (print)	1878-5077
ISSN (online)	1878-5085
Scope	Biochemistry, medical Health Policy Drug Discovery