How to format your references using the Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Diamond, J., 2001. Unwritten knowledge. Nature 410, 521.

A journal article with 2 authors

Burton, D.R., Dwek, R.A., 2006. Immunology. Sugar determines antibody activity. Science 313, 627–628.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bailes, F., Dean, R.T., Pearce, M.T., 2013. Music cognition as mental time travel. Sci. Rep. 3, 2690.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Subramani, A., Alsidawi, S., Jagannathan, S., Sumita, K., Sasaki, A.T., Aronow, B., Warnick, R.E., Lawler, S., Driscoll, J.J., 2013. The brain microenvironment negatively regulates miRNA-768-3p to promote K-ras expression and lung cancer metastasis. Sci. Rep. 3, 2392.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Crichton, R.R., Ward, R.J., 2006. Metal-based Neurodegeneration. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Gosper, M., Ifenthaler, D. (Eds.), 2014. Curriculum Models for the 21st Century: Using Learning Technologies in Higher Education. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Bruce, N., Kim, T.-Y., Lee, H.J., 2012. Data Link Layer’ Security Analysis for Wireless Sensor Networks, in: Kim, T.-H., Ko, D.-S., Vasilakos, T., Stoica, A., Abawajy, J. (Eds.), Computer Applications for Communication, Networking, and Digital Contents: International Conferences, FGCN and DCA 2012, Held as Part of the Future Generation Information Technology Conference, FGIT 2012, Gangneug, Korea, December 16-19, 2012. Proceedings, Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 25–32.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology.

Blog post

Hamilton, K., 2017. How Breast Milk Could Help Prevent The Antibiotic Apocalypse [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1998. Year 2000 Computing Crisis: Federal Reserve Is Acting to Ensure Financial Institutions Are Fixing Systems, But Challenges Remain (No. AIMD-98-248). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Cox, E.T., 2012. Prenatal cocaine: Effects on neonatal vocalizations, cue-induced maternal response, and brain development (Doctoral dissertation). University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Friedman, L., Schwartz, J., 2017. Warm Gulf Fuels the Rain and Gives It Nowhere to Go. New York Times A13.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Diamond, 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Burton and Dwek, 2006; Diamond, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Burton and Dwek, 2006)
Three or more authors: (Subramani et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology
Abbreviation	Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol.
ISSN (print)	1382-6689
Scope	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis General Medicine Pharmacology Toxicology