How to format your references using the Environmental Management citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Management. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Farese P (2012) Technology: How to build a low-energy future. Nature 488:275–277

A journal article with 2 authors

Vermeij GJ, Roopnarine PD (2008) Ecology. The coming Arctic invasion. Science 321:780–781

A journal article with 3 authors

Makovicky PJ, Apesteguía S, Agnolín FL (2005) The earliest dromaeosaurid theropod from South America. Nature 437:1007–1011

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Xing X, Yu Y, Li S, Huang X (2013) How do spin waves pass through a bend? Sci Rep 3:2958

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Silvapulle MJ, Sen PK (2001) Constrained Statistical Inference: Inequality, Order, and Shape Restrictions. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Wang R, Zhu C (eds) (2015) Annual Report on the Development of International Relations in the Indian Ocean Region (2014). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

A chapter in an edited book

Zhang W, Liu D, Li G, Zhang W (2006) Special Task Scheduling and Control of Cluster Parallel Computing for High-Performance Ground Processing System. In: Alexandrov VN, Albada GD van, Sloot PMA, Dongarra J (eds) Computational Science – ICCS 2006: 6th International Conference, Reading, UK, May 28-31, 2006. Proceedings, Part III. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 17–23

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Management.

Blog post

Luntz S (2014) Bizarre “Hybrid” Star Found. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/bizarre-hybrid-star-found/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1973) Progress and Problems in Achieving Objectives of School Lunch Program. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Baxter JM (2010) Enantioselective Mannich-type Reactions Promoted by Strained Silane Lewis Acids: Selective Generation of Two Contiguous Stereocenters and Entry into a Novel Class of Pyrrolidines. Doctoral dissertation, Columbia University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J (2017) Who’s at Second, And Now Third? It’s the Catcher. New York Times B7

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Farese 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Vermeij and Roopnarine 2008; Farese 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Vermeij and Roopnarine 2008)
Three or more authors: (Xing et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Management
Abbreviation	Environ. Manage.
ISSN (print)	0364-152X
ISSN (online)	1432-1009
Scope	Ecology Global and Planetary Change Pollution