How to format your references using the Environmental Management citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Management. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Kelley KA (2014) Geophysics. Inside Earth runs hot and cold. Science 344:51–52

A journal article with 2 authors

Steltzer H, Post E (2009) Ecology. Seasons and life cycles. Science 324:886–887

A journal article with 3 authors

London AJ, Parker LS, Aronson JD (2013) Public health. DNA identification after conflict or disaster. Science 341:1178–1179

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Xu X-H, Su Z-Z, Wang C, et al (2014) The rice endophyte Harpophora oryzae genome reveals evolution from a pathogen to a mutualistic endophyte. Sci Rep 4:5783

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Taylor FJ (2011) Digital Filters. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Hassanien AE, Tolba MF, Taher Azar A (eds) (2014) Advanced Machine Learning Technologies and Applications: Second International Conference, AMLTA 2014, Cairo, Egypt, November 28-30, 2014. Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Leu G, Namatame A (2009) Evolving Failure Resilience in Scale-Free Networks. In: Gen M, Green D, Katai O, et al. (eds) Intelligent and Evolutionary Systems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 49–59

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Management.

Blog post

Andrew E (2015) How Plants Respond To Damage Is Dependent On The Type of Insect Harming It. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/how-plants-respond-damage-dependent-type-insect-inflicting-it/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1977) Proposed Legislation to Fund and Establish a Nonprofit National Center for Long-Term Environmental Research. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Vargas AR (2010) Implementing modern geographic technology in the trucking industry: A case study. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Turkewitz J, Stolberg SG, Eligon J, Blinder A (2017) Before the Gunfire in Virginia, A Volatile Home Life in Illinois. New York Times A1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Kelley 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Steltzer and Post 2009; Kelley 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Steltzer and Post 2009)
Three or more authors: (Xu et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Management
Abbreviation	Environ. Manage.
ISSN (print)	0364-152X
ISSN (online)	1432-1009
Scope	Ecology Global and Planetary Change Pollution