How to format your references using the Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Perkins, K., 2014. For the love of ferns. Science 346, 1586.

A journal article with 2 authors

Frusawa, H., Matsumoto, Y., 2014. Tuning the size and configuration of nanocarbon microcapsules: aqueous method using optical tweezers. Sci. Rep. 4, 4074.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhu, G.-Z., Radtke, G., Botton, G.A., 2012. Bonding and structure of a reconstructed (001) surface of SrTiO3 from TEM. Nature 490, 384–387.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Imkeller, K., Scally, S.W., Bosch, A., Martí, G.P., Costa, G., Triller, G., Murugan, R., Renna, V., Jumaa, H., Kremsner, P.G., Sim, B.K.L., Hoffman, S.L., Mordmüller, B., Levashina, E.A., Julien, J.-P., Wardemann, H., 2018. Antihomotypic affinity maturation improves human B cell responses against a repetitive epitope. Science 360, 1358–1362.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

McAulay, A.D., 2011. Military Laser Technology for Defense. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Rashid, A., Aksit, M. (Eds.), 2007. Transactions on Aspect-Oriented Software Development IV, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Bauer, M., Mösle, P., Schwarz, M., 2010. A closer Look – Green Buildings in Detail, in: Mösle, P., Schwarz, M. (Eds.), Green Building: Guidebook for Sustainable Architecture. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 144–201.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions.

Blog post

Andrews, R., 2016. There’s A Rather Unusual Way To Fix Your Phone If You’ve Dunked It In Water [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/technology/theres-a-rather-unusual-way-to-fix-your-phone-if-youve-dunked-it-in-water/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2013. TSA Explosives Detection Canine Program: Actions Needed to Analyze Data and Ensure Canine Teams Are Effectively Utilized (No. GAO-13-239). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fuller, J.B., 2015. The Woodsman’s Son (Doctoral dissertation). University of Louisiana, Lafayette, LA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander, S., 1999. HARVARD 37, FORDHAM 30. New York Times 83.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Perkins, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Frusawa and Matsumoto, 2014; Perkins, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Frusawa and Matsumoto, 2014)
Three or more authors: (Imkeller et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions
Abbreviation	Environ. Innov. Soc. Transit.
ISSN (print)	2210-4224
Scope