How to format your references using the Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Diamond, J., 2014. Population history: Human melting pots in Southeast Asia. Nature 512, 262–263.

A journal article with 2 authors

Jiang, C., Srinivasan, S.G., 2013. Unexpected strain-stiffening in crystalline solids. Nature 496, 339–342.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lu, N., Ji, A., Cao, Z., 2013. Nearly constant electrical resistance over large temperature range in Cu3NMx (M = Cu, Ag, Au) compounds. Sci. Rep. 3, 3090.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kong, A., Thorleifsson, G., Frigge, M.L., Vilhjalmsson, B.J., Young, A.I., Thorgeirsson, T.E., Benonisdottir, S., Oddsson, A., Halldorsson, B.V., Masson, G., Gudbjartsson, D.F., Helgason, A., Bjornsdottir, G., Thorsteinsdottir, U., Stefansson, K., 2018. The nature of nurture: Effects of parental genotypes. Science 359, 424–428.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Xing, B., Vecitis, C.D., Senesi, N., 2016. Engineered Nanoparticles and the Environment: Biophysicochemical Processes and Toxicity. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Ulivi, P., 2012. Robotic Exploration of the Solar System: Part 3: Wows and Woes, 1997-2003, Springer Praxis Books. Praxis, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Schultz, D., Cook, C., 2007. Using Images, in: Cook, C. (Ed.), Beginning HTML with CSS and XHTML: Modern Guide and Reference. Apress, Berkeley, CA, pp. 105–129.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2013. Caution: Dead Whale Contents Under Pressure [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/caution-dead-whale-contents-under-pressure/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1996. Telecommunications: Initiatives Taken by Three States to Promote Increased Access and Investment (No. RCED-96-68). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gornto, J.S., 2009. The impact of student leadership in classroom management on student achievement (Doctoral dissertation). Northcentral University, Scottsdale, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kanter, J., Castle, S., 2016. ‘Brexit,’ Migration, Trade: The E.U.’s List of Crises Keeps Growing. New York Times A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Diamond, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Diamond, 2014; Jiang and Srinivasan, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Jiang and Srinivasan, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Kong et al., 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions
Abbreviation	Environ. Innov. Soc. Transit.
ISSN (print)	2210-4224
Scope