How to format your references using the Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Amos LA. Biochemistry. Pressing levers or pulling strings? Science. 2008;322:1647–8.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Gillson L, Hoffman MT. Ecology. Rangeland ecology in a changing world. Science. 2007;315:53–4.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Simiyu K, Daar AS, Singer PA. Global health. Stagnant health technologies in Africa. Science. 2010;330:1483–4.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Fong Y, Bender L, Wang W, Strome S. Regulation of the different chromatin states of autosomes and X chromosomes in the germ line of C. elegans. Science. 2002;296:2235–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Paret D, Riesco R. RFID and Contactless Smart Card Applications. Chichester, West Sussex, England: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2005.

An edited book

1. Olla P, editor. Space Technologies for the Benefit of Human Society and Earth. 1st ed. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Pratt LJ, Whitehead JA. Time-Dependence and Shocks. In: Whitehead JA, editor. Rotating Hydraulics: Nonlinear Topographic Effects in the Ocean and Atmosphere. New York, NY: Springer; 2007. p. 255–368.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine.

Blog post

1. Carpineti A. Hubble Spots Beautifully Tangled Galaxy [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/hubble-spots-beautifully-tangled-galaxy/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Federal Agencies’ Maintenance of Computer Programs: Expensive and Undermanaged. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1981 Feb. Report No.: AFMD-81-25.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Malkus N. Beneath the district averages: Intradistrict differences in teacher compensation expenditures [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Johnson G. Turning Nature Against Cancer. New York Times. 2015 May 19;D3.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine
Abbreviation	Environ. Health Prev. Med.
ISSN (print)	1342-078X
ISSN (online)	1347-4715
Scope	General Medicine Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health