How to format your references using the Environmental Geosciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Geosciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Benner, S. A., 2004, Chemistry. Redesigning genetics: Science (New York, N.Y.), v. 306, no. 5696, p. 625–626.

A journal article with 2 authors

Langer, R., and D. A. Tirrell, 2004, Designing materials for biology and medicine: Nature, v. 428, no. 6982, p. 487–492.

A journal article with 3 authors

Campbell, C. T., S. C. Parker, and D. E. Starr, 2002, The effect of size-dependent nanoparticle energetics on catalyst sintering: Science (New York, N.Y.), v. 298, no. 5594, p. 811–814.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Nishimura, E. K., S. A. Jordan, H. Oshima, H. Yoshida, M. Osawa, M. Moriyama, I. J. Jackson, Y. Barrandon, Y. Miyachi, and S.-I. Nishikawa, 2002, Dominant role of the niche in melanocyte stem-cell fate determination: Nature, v. 416, no. 6883, p. 854–860.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Thyagarajan, K. S., 2010, Still Image and Video Compression with MATLAB: Hoboken, NJ, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Zaidi, M. K., and I. Mustafaev (eds.), 2005, Radiation Safety Problems in the Caspian Region: Dordrecht, Springer Netherlands, Nato Science Series: IV: Earth and Environmental Sciences, XXII, 250 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

Cassini, M., M. Borgnia, Y. Arzamendia, V. Benítez, and B. Vilá, 2009, Sociality, Foraging and Habitat Use by Vicuña, in I. J. Gordon, ed., The Vicuña: The Theory and Practice of Community Based Wildlife Management: Boston, MA, Springer US, p. 35–48.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Geosciences.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014, Scientists Use Lasers To Discover Ancient Lost City: IFLScience: <https://www.iflscience.com/environment/how-lasers-are-helping-us-unlock-secrets-ancient-civilizations/> (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2013, Transportation Infrastructure: Limited Improvement in Bridge Conditions over the Past Decade, but Financial Challenges Remain, GAO-13-713T: Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Watts, K. S., 2008, The Effectiveness of a Social Story Intervention in Decreasing Disruptive Behavior in Autistic Children, Doctoral dissertation: Columbus, OH, Ohio State University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kolomatsky, M., 2017, A Surge in Sales to Foreign Buyers: p. RE2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Benner, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Benner, 2004; Langer and Tirrell, 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Langer and Tirrell, 2004)
Three or more authors: (Nishimura et al., 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Geosciences
Abbreviation	Environ. Geosci.
ISSN (print)	1075-9565
ISSN (online)	1526-0984
Scope	General Earth and Planetary Sciences General Environmental Science

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