How to format your references using the Environmental Development citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Development. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chi, K.R., 2009. Microscopy: Ever-increasing resolution. Nature 462, 675–678.

A journal article with 2 authors

Greenberger, M.D., Vogelstein, R., 2005. Public health. Pharmacist refusals: a threat to women’s health. Science 308, 1557–1558.

A journal article with 3 authors

Petersen-Mahrt, S.K., Harris, R.S., Neuberger, M.S., 2002. AID mutates E. coli suggesting a DNA deamination mechanism for antibody diversification. Nature 418, 99–103.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Tay, J.W., Lai, P., Suzuki, Y., Wang, L.V., 2014. Ultrasonically encoded wavefront shaping for focusing into random media. Sci. Rep. 4, 3918.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Huber, P.J., 2011. Data Analysis. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Felser, C., Fecher, G.H. (Eds.), 2013. Spintronics: From Materials to Devices. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Beck, J., 2016. Part of the Family: Age, Identity, and Burial in Copper Age Iberia, in: Osterholtz, A.J. (Ed.), Theoretical Approaches to Analysis and Interpretation of Commingled Human Remains. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 47–73.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Development.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. Newly Released Footage Shows A Wild Panda Masturbating [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/newly-released-footage-shows-wild-panda-masturbating/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1973. Propriety of the City Edges Grant Awarded to the Suburban Action Institute (No. B-158811). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Munoz, S., 2017. Mental Health Care for Foreign Born Latinos: A Grant Proposal (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Applebome, P., 2016. In Detroit’s Recovery, Downtown Roars and Neighborhoods Sputter. New York Times A9.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Chi, 2009).
This sentence cites two references (Chi, 2009; Greenberger and Vogelstein, 2005).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Greenberger and Vogelstein, 2005)
Three or more authors: (Tay et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Development
ISSN (print)	2211-4645
Scope	Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law Geography, Planning and Development