How to format your references using the Environmental Chemistry Letters citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Environmental Chemistry Letters. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most references management programs.
BibTeX	BibTeX syles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Rosenberg SA (2001) Progress in human tumour immunology and immunotherapy. Nature 411:380–384

A journal article with 2 authors

Titantah JT, Karttunen M (2013) Water dynamics: relation between hydrogen bond bifurcations, molecular jumps, local density & hydrophobicity. Sci Rep 3:2991

A journal article with 3 authors

Wang LJ, Kuzmich A, Dogariu A (2000) Gain-assisted superluminal light propagation. Nature 406:277–279

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Hu Q, Xu D-H, Zhou Y, et al (2013) Position-sensitive spectral splitting with a plasmonic nanowire on silicon chip. Sci Rep 3:3095

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Suárez A (2008) Analysis and Design of Autonomous Microwave Circuits. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Vlamos P, Alexiou A (eds) (2015) GeNeDis 2014: Neurodegeneration. Springer International Publishing, Cham

A chapter in an edited book

Majorana E, Sasso A (2006) Pseudopolar reaction of hydrogen atoms. In: Bassani GF (ed) Ettore Majorana Scientific Papers: On occasion of the centenary of his birth. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 77–88

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Environmental Chemistry Letters.

Blog post

Andrew E (2016) Why More Cities Need To Add Up The Economic Value Of Trees. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/why-more-cities-need-add-economic-value-trees/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1988) Competition in the Airline Computerized Reservation System Industry. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Yoon J (2012) Jan Radzynski’s Canto (1981): An Introductory View of Its Genre, Style, and Form, with Suggestions for Performance. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G (2011) Scandinavian Cool That Warmed New York. New York Times B12

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Rosenberg 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Rosenberg 2001; Titantah and Karttunen 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Titantah and Karttunen 2013)
Three or more authors: (Hu et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Environmental Chemistry Letters
Abbreviation	Environ. Chem. Lett.
ISSN (print)	1610-3653
ISSN (online)	1610-3661
Scope	Environmental Chemistry